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ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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The Great Pyramids of Egypt – Tombs or Primarily a Socio-Economic Development Project?

Authors: Krzysztoń, Jacek;

The Great Pyramids of Egypt – Tombs or Primarily a Socio-Economic Development Project?

Abstract

The Great Pyramids of Giza have long been recognized as the tombs of pharaohs with deep religious significance. Egyptologists acknowledge that their construction also had an impact on the economic and social life of the state; however, these aspects are generally considered secondary to the primary religious purpose. Meanwhile, Polish economist and entrepreneur Jacek Krzysztoń proposes a reversal of this hierarchy. According to his theory, presented in the book Egyptian Pyramids: Big Tombs or Big Business?, it was precisely the process of building the pyramids—long-term, costly, and engaging the entire economy—that constituted the actual, fundamental goal of the undertaking. The pyramid functioned as a tool for economic development and social integration, while the tomb served as a kind of pretext, legitimizing this collective effort in the eyes of society. This symbolic function was an indispensable part of the broader strategy—without it, the pyramid projects could not have succeeded. These conclusions are also presented in the documentary film The Pyramids – Tools of Power (available on YouTube), which portrays the pyramids as state-driven megaprojects—constructed not only for eternity, but above all for the here and now. The PaC (Process as the Goal) Publication Series on Zenodo: (Current Document) The Great Pyramids of Egypt - Tombs or Primarily a Socio-Economic Development Project? DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15858488 Why Did Ancient Egypt Stop Building Great Pyramids – The Evolution of a Tool of Power and Economy DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15979657 30 Pieces of Evidence Supporting Jacek Krzysztoń's Theory on the Socio-Economic Purpose Behind the Building of the Great Pyramids in Egypt DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16732277 Process as the Goal (PaC) Theory: Author’s Response to 10 Key Skepticisms Regarding the Socio-Economic Purpose of Building the Great Pyramids in Egypt DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17377170 50 Pieces of Evidence Supporting Jacek Krzysztoń's PaC (Process as the Goal) Model: Proposing a Simple Solution to Humanity's Greatest Building Mysteries. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17483055 Why Were the Great Pyramids Built in Egypt? Artificial Intelligence (AI) Review of the New Socio-Economic PaC Model Theory: Expert Verification by 5 AI Systems. DOI:10.5281/zenodo.17690906

Keywords

Economic Development/history, Macroeconomic goal, Design (project), Community act, Social development, Construction engineering, 目的としてのプロセス, Macroeconomics, Historical monument, Pilot Projects, 古埃及, Resources management, Road construction, Labor market, Hydraulic construction, Soil structure, Economics/history, International division of labour, Microeconomics, Development aid, Krzyszton, Great Pyramids, Financing, Construction, Supply chain management, National planning, Labour relations, 国家建设工具, Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development/economics, Public works, Document, Land use classification, Economic Competition/history, Manpower, State Health Planning and Development Agencies/economics, ヤツェク・クシシュトン, Social structure, Krzysztoń, Community finance, Cultural heritage, Construction technology, Social Planning, Egypt, 过程即目的, Economic Development, Construction policy, Information infrastructure, 宏观经济, Socioeconomic aspect of human settlements, 公共事業, Command economy, Economic development, State formation, Labour, Economic Stability/history, Social Structure, Project, Natural resources management, 古代エジプト, pyramids,, Environmental aspect of human settlements, Ancient, 経済, Economic theory, Human settlement management, 金字塔, Territorial community, Jacek Krzysztoń, ピラミッド, Road construction material, Natural monument, Infrastructure, Inflation, Economic/history, Keynesian economics, Construction work, Archaeological site, Construction Materials, Construction Industry, Community Participation, 国家建设, Monument, Economic Recession/history, Land use regime, Land use planning, Economic Status/history, Human settlement, Land use plan, Pilot project, Planning, Financing, Construction/economics, 以过程为导向, Redistribution of wealth, Land use, Construction equipment, 雅采克·克日什托尼, Research project

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average