This article provides a comprehensive taxonomic reassessment of the Papilionidae family, focusing on the tribes Parnassiini and Zerynthiini, with particular emphasis on the genera Driopa and Allancastria and their associated nomenclatural issues.Building upon recent morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies, we support the recognition of Driopa as a distinct genus within Parnassiini. The consistent structural differences in male genitalia not only distinguish Driopa from Parnassius sensu stricto, but also corroborate the genetic divergence revealed by phylogenetic analyses. The status of Driopa nebrodensis is examined in light of historical nomenclature, with nebrodensis (Turati, 1907) emerging as the valid name under the Principle of Priority and First Reviser rules. The complex case of Parnassius phoebus is revisited, with ICZN Opinion 2488 (2023) confirming the continued use of the name despite earlier misidentifications.For Zerynthia cassandra, the article defends the validity of its name over Z. demnosia, the latter being unavailable under ICZN Article 12.Finally, we maintain Allancastria as a valid genus based on distinctive morphological traits despite its genetic proximity to Zerynthia. Within this genus, Allancastria cerisyi is retained under its original name and authorship, following the earliest valid description and in accordance with ICZN criteria.This work contributes to stabilising the taxonomy of Palearctic Papilionidae, integrating historical literature with modern phylogenetic and nomenclatural frameworks.