The extensive investigation into new approaches for improving the strength and durability of cement concrete has been prompted by the rising demand for environmentally friendly building materials. The combined use of bacteria and agro-waste additives, namely rice husk ash (RHA), as environmentally benign substitutes for conventional materials is the main topic of this paper. Through microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP), bacterial concrete has shown promising improvements in compressive strength, resistance to environmental degradation, and fracture healing. At the same time, silica-rich rice husk ash improves the mechanical and durability qualities of concrete while also promoting pozzolanic activity. Recent research on the complementary benefits of bacterial inclusion and agro-waste additives in concrete is compiled in this study, emphasising how they can lower permeability, lengthen lifespan, and advance sustainability. The study provides insights into future research prospects for durable and environmentally friendly concrete technologies by addressing the mechanisms, mix design concerns, and potential difficulties in real-world applications.