This paper analyzes how math education and data literacy can become powerful tools for promoting equity and justice for marginalized communities in India, drawing inspiration from Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s vision of social transformation through education. It recognizes that historically, caste-based discrimination has limited access to STEM, creating a barrier for marginalized groups in accessing job opportunities and how traditional curricula often alienate students by ignoring their lived realities. It also honors the efforts of reformers from marginalized backgrounds who fought to make education more inclusive and accessible. To move forward, the paper suggests connecting math learning to real-world issues—like caste and gender inequality, wage gaps, and unequal access to resources—making math meaningful and relevant. It draws on ideas from thinkers like Paulo Freire and highlights both local and global examples where math has been used to drive social change. By weaving Ambedkarite values into classrooms, this study offers practical ways to create a more just and sustainable future—empowering students not just to solve equations, but to challenge injustice and imagine a better world.