Impurity profiling is an essential tool for the pharmaceutical business, and this article delves into that role extensively. Drug safety and effectiveness might be jeopardized when active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are mixed with impurities, which are undesirable chemical compounds. To guarantee the detection and control of contaminants in both APIs and formulated goods, numerous regulatory agencies have set rigorous purity standards, such as ICH, FDA, and CDHA. Particular emphasis is placed on the limits that can be tolerated for organic, inorganic, and residual solvent contaminants. The concept of impurity profiling is described, including its use in medication design, quality assurance, and safety evaluation. It includes steps such as quantitative determination, structural elucidation, and identification. Hyphenated processes such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-nuclear spectrometry are addressed in the article, along with accelerated solvent extraction, gas chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, and more. To ensure the efficacy and safety of pharmaceutical goods, impurity profiling plays a crucial role, as this comprehensive review shows