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Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Conference object . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Conference object . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Evaluating the flood mitigation capacity of grey and green infrastructure in Baltimore, MD

Authors: Blash, Carlin; Spangler, Ava; Hadjimichael, Antonia;

Evaluating the flood mitigation capacity of grey and green infrastructure in Baltimore, MD

Abstract

Urban flooding in the city of Baltimore, MD is the product of short, intense rainfall events, extensive impervious surfaces, and inadequate infrastructure. This type of rainfall-driven pluvial flooding often results in property damage, flooded basements and inundated streets. Climate change has altered the frequency and intensity of rainfall events, elevating the risk posed by pluvial flooding. Given the complexity of urban flood patterns and uncertainty regarding the performance of Baltimore’s current green infrastructure, it is challenging to determine what further action is needed to address flooding. While traditional grey infrastructure can effectively reduce vulnerability to flooding, it often proves counterproductive as added impervious surface can increase flood risk. Conversely, Baltimore's planned green infrastructure has the potential to capture and store runoff, reducing maximum flow through the storm pipe network while also providing open space for community gathering and engagement. As part of a larger project, this study focused on the ability of proposed green infrastructure projects in the Broadway East neighborhood of Baltimore to address urban pluvial flooding. An EPA SWMM model was developed, incorporating subsurface pipe data and the City’s greening plan, to explore the impact of current and proposed green infrastructure on surface and subsurface flows. Flow rates through the storm pipe network were compared across three extreme rainfall events and across nonexistent, current, and proposed green infrastructure scenarios. Results of this study suggest proposed green infrastructure projects in Broadway East will alleviate pressure on the stormwater system, increasing the city of Baltimore’s flooding and climate resilience.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average