This dataset comprises two independent datasets related to Pleurotus mushrooms, designed to monitor their growth and determine when they are ready for harvest. The data were collected from a greenhouse in Grevena, Greece, during July and August 2022. The first dataset, “Mushroom Harvest” was annotated under the guidance of an expert agriculturist and categorizes mushroom growth into three distinct classes. This dataset is intended to identify mushrooms that are ready for harvest. The second dataset, “Mushroom Growth”, consists of a series of photos taken from 33 different substrate grow bags for seven different days. This dataset is suitable for monitoring the growth rate of mushrooms and determining when they are ready for harvest. This research was cofunded by the European Regional Development Fund of the European Union and Greek national funds through the Operational Program Western Macedonia 2014–2020, under the call “Collaborative and networking actions between research institutions, educational institutions and companies in priority areas of the strategic smart specialization plan of the region”, project “Smart Mushroom fARming with internet of Things—SMART”, project code: DMR-0016521.