This article analyzes the theoretical foundations, practical significance, and development prospects of Islamic microfinance services in Uzbekistan. The study examines the essence of Islamic microfinance, its distinguishing features from the conventional financial system, and its main instruments. In addition, the role of this system in enhancing financial inclusion, reducing social inequality, and ensuring its close linkage with the real economy is substantiated. The article also analyzes the dynamics of demand for Islamic financial services in Uzbekistan based on statistical data, highlighting the growing interest of the population in these services. At the same time, the distribution of Islamic microfinance funds across sectors of the economy is examined, and the priority of small business and service sectors is identified.