The legal protection of teachers' rights in Vietnam is an essential aspect of ensuring a stable and effective education system. This paper examines the legal framework governing the rights of teachers in Vietnam, focusing on key legislative instruments such as the Education Law, the Labor Code, and relevant government decrees. The study employs a qualitative research approach, drawing on legal texts, academic literature, and expert opinions to explore the extent of legal protection afforded to teachers. Findings indicate that while Vietnam's legal framework provides significant protections, issues such as enforcement gaps, contract ambiguities, and limited access to legal recourse hinder teachers from fully exercising their rights. Additionally, challenges such as job security, professional development, and workplace safety remain concerns despite existing regulations. This paper argues for a more robust implementation mechanism and legal reforms to bridge the gap between law and practice. By enhancing legal awareness and ensuring strict adherence to the law, Vietnam can strengthen its commitment to protecting educators, ultimately benefiting the broader education system. Recommendations include policy amendments, enhanced legal literacy programs for teachers, and improved dispute resolution mechanisms.