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ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Fuad Köprülü's Evolution: From Cosmopolitan Thought to National Historiography (1909-1913)

Authors: Altug, Fatih;

Fuad Köprülü's Evolution: From Cosmopolitan Thought to National Historiography (1909-1913)

Abstract

Fuad Köprülü’nün Evrimi: Kozmopolit Düşünceden Millî Edebiyat Tarihine (1909-1913) Abstract This article examines the conceptual transformation of evolution in Fuad Köprülü’s writings between 1909 and 1913, tracing his intellectual trajectory from cosmopolitan literary sociology to nationalist philology. Initially engaging with Darwinian, Spencerian, and Tainean models of cultural development, Köprülü deployed evolutionary discourse to articulate a comparative and transnational theory of literature. His early essays treat evolution as a gradual and pluralist unfolding of aesthetic and intellectual refinement. However, following the Balkan Wars and under the influence of nationalist thought, Köprülü reimagines evolution as a voluntarist and vitalist force for national rebirth. Drawing on mutationism, Bergson’s creative evolution, and Gökalp’s cultural sociology, he reframes evolution as rupture, will, and methodological foundation. The article demonstrates how this conceptual reorientation culminates in Köprülü’s “Türk Edebiyatı Tarihinde Usûl,” which institutionalizes literary history as a national science. By analyzing this shift, the article reveals how Köprülü transformed a European-derived concept into the epistemological core of Turkish literary historiography. Öz Bu makale, Fuad Köprülü’nün 1909 ile 1913 yılları arasında kaleme aldığı metinlerde evrim (tekâmül) kavramının geçirdiği düşünsel dönüşümü incelemekte; onun kozmopolit bir edebiyat sosyolojisinden milliyetçi bir filoloji anlayışına yönelişini izlemektedir. Başlangıçta Darwinci, Spencerci ve Taineci modellerden yararlanan Köprülü, edebî gelişimi hem toplumsal dönüşümün bir ürünü hem de onun itici gücü olarak tanımlar ve evrimi estetik ve entelektüel olgunlaşmanın çoğulcu bir ilkesi olarak kurgular. Ancak Balkan Savaşları sonrası yaşanan siyasal kırılma ve Ziya Gökalp merkezli milliyetçi çevrelerin etkisiyle, evrim düşüncesini irade ve canlılık temelinde, ulusal bir dirilişin aracı olarak yeniden yapılandırır. Mutasyonculuk, Bergson’un yaratıcı evrimi ve Gökalp’ın kültür sosyolojisinden beslenen bu yeni çerçeve, “Türk Edebiyatı Tarihinde Usûl” makalesinde disipliner bir yönteme dönüşerek, edebiyat tarihini ulusal bir bilim olarak kurar. Makale, bu düşünsel dönüşümün izini sürerek Köprülü’nün Avrupa kaynaklı bir kavramı, Türk edebiyat tarihçiliğinin temel bir epistemolojisine dönüştürmesini ortaya koyar.

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Keywords

Ottoman literature, literary historiography, evolution, Fuad Köprülü, nationalism

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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