This dataset presents the responses obtained from an online survey aimed at identifying the impact of traditional and sustainability key performance indicators on construction project performance. In this context, a literature review was conducted, and 44 factors related to traditional construction performance indicators (cost, time, scope, quality) and sustainability performance indicators (economic, social, environmental) were identified. Subsequently, a survey was designed and conducted to determine the relative importance of these identified factors on the performance of construction projects. The target population included various specialists working in the construction industry, such as project managers, contractors, engineers, consultants, construction managers, sustainability experts, quality engineers, site managers, academics, architects, environmental engineers, and planning and cost control engineers. The survey comprised two sections. The first section aimed to collect participants’ demographic characteristics, including job position, years of experience in the construction industry, and education level. The second section included the identified factors, which participants were asked to rate. Respondents rated these factors using a five-point Likert scale, where 1 = strongly disagree, 2 = disagree, 3 = neutral, 4 = agree, and 5 = strongly agree. A total of 166 responses were received and all of them were included.