The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into education has transformed learning methodologies, particularly in Problem-Based Learning (PBL). This paper explores the impact of AI-assisted PBL on students’ critical thinking development, analyzing both its benefits and potential drawbacks. While AI-driven learning environments provide personalized feedback, enhance engagement, and support deeper problem-solving skills, concerns remain regarding students’ overreliance on AI-generated responses. The discussion highlights the necessity of a balanced approach where AI serves as a cognitive partner rather than an automation tool. The study emphasizes that AI should be designed to challenge students’ reasoning, prompt inquiry, and encourage intellectual growth, rather than replace human thought processes. Ultimately, the effectiveness of AI in fostering critical thinking depends on its pedagogical integration, ensuring that technology enhances independent learning rather than diminishing it.