These are the data and R script used for the analysis presented in the manuscript "Assessing the natural variance as a baseline for biodiversity monitoring: a case of an East Mediterranean canyon" by Meir Finkel et al. These data are from Keziv Stream, Western Upper Galilee, Israel. The data are given in separate excel and csv files as follows: Table S1: S1 homogenized precipitation data Eilon 1950-2017.csv - Eylon rain data 2018-2021.csv – homogenized rainfall data (corrected for differences in measuring devices, exact station location etc.), for the period of 1950-2017. The data for these earlier years are homogenized to match those of later years (available in Table S2) to allow a direct comparison. Table S2: S2 Eilon rain data 2018-2021.csv - rainfall data per day in 2018-2021. Dates with no rainfall are missing from the file. As noted above, data for earlier years were homogenized to match those of these years. Table S3: S3 Temperature_comb_stations.csv - homogenized temperature data (corrected for differences in measuring devices, exact station location etc.), in degrees Celsius. TN = minimum temperature. TX = maximum temperature. Table S4: S4 Eilon temperature data 2018-2022.csv - temperature data per day in 2018-2022. Same two meteorological stations. Table S5: S5 Plants data.csv - Presence-absence data of plant species per line (L1 to L7) and period combination (1998-2000, indicated as 2000, vs. 2019-2021, indicated as 2020). Table S6: S6 NDVI.xlsx - NDVI values for August 15th to September 30th (summer minimum) from LANDSAT and MODIS (not analyzed in the paper) for 1984-2022. Columns 1 to 7 relate to the line numbers at the site. Table S7: S7 S7 Beetle species presence-absence 1998-2000 and 2019-2021- net and pitfall combined.csv – All combinations of beetle species, slope (south-facing, north-facing or valley bottom, abbreviated as SFS, NFS or VB, respectively), line number (1-3 for SFS, 4 for VB, 5-7 for NFS), research period and either presence (1) or absence (0). Species trapped by pitfalls and by net are given together, unseparated. Table S8: S8 Beetles 2019-2021.xlsx – The raw data and per line summary (sheet row.summary) of the beetle species trapped either by pitfalls (when trap number is specified in column G in sheet raw.data) or by net (when trap number is unspecified), for the study period of 2019-2021. The number of individuals is only meaningful for the pitfalls, since only a few voucher specimens were collected per species in the net trapping. Sheet row summary sheet summarizes beetles' total number of individuals per research period, sampling row and collection method (pitfalls or sweeping nets), and also gives the species' global distribution pattern. Sheet raw.data details the exact collection dates and trap numbers (for pitfalls only). Table S9: S9 Beetles 1998-2000.xlsx – The number of individuals trapped by pitfalls in 1998-2000 research period for the four most common species only (Ocypus mus, Maldera syriaca, Dendarus plicatulus and Orthomus longior). The original data per survey date was not recovered, but a monthly total was available. Hence, the number of surveys dates (either one or two) is indicated per calendar month, along with the mean date (which is the exact date when only one survey was conducted at a given month). Sheet sampling dates details all 30 survey dates for 1998-2000 pitfall trappings. Table S10: ants.xlsx - columns include the species names of all ant taxa found in the study, research period, and total number of individuals caught in pitfall traps in the north-facing slope (N), south-facing slope (S) and the valley bed (VB). File S11: S11 Kziv Stream Coleoptera code for publication.R – The R code used for the analysis described in the paper. Table S12: Traps microhabitats 2019-2021.csv - The microhabitat of all pitfall traps, defined as other "open" (pitfall was not position near any plant), "shrub" (pitfall positioned near a shrub) or "tree" (pitfall positioned near a tree). SFS = south-facing slope; NFS = north-facing slope; VB = valley bed.