Abstract: Rabindranath Tagore's Chitrangada, a dance drama based on a narrative from the Mahabharata, transcends the boundaries of a simple retelling. This research article delves into the complexities of Chitrangada, examining its exploration of gender roles, the construction and deconstruction of identity, and the innovative use of narrative techniques. By closely reading the text and analysing its performance history, this paper argues that Chitrangada offers a nuanced perspective on female agency, identity fluidity, and self-representation power. It also explores how Tagore utilizes the dance-drama format to enhance the narrative's emotional depth and thematic resonance. Furthermore, the article considers the socio-cultural context in which Tagore wrote Chitrangada and its continuing relevance in contemporary discussions about gender and identity.