The authors considered a rational approach to the treatment of ATF in children, which consists of a thorough analysis of the pharyngoscopy picture, assessment of the child’s general condition to determine the need for systemic antibacterial therapy (GABHS-tonsillitis) and the correct choice of a topical drug to eradicate the pathogen and relieve sore throat. Acute tonsillopharyngitis (ATP), an infectious inflammation of the mucous membrane and lymphatic structures of the oropharynx, is a common reason for visiting a pediatrician. The article provides classifications of the disease by localization and etiology, differential diagnosis of the symptom “sore throat”.