
A lo largo de la vida, las personas toman una gran cantidad de decisiones, ya sean transcendentales o superfluas. Si nos centramos en las teorías clásicas sobre toma de decisiones basadas en teorías económicas, estas muestran a los humanos como seresracionales que evalúan exhaustivamente las diferentes opciones antes de realizar una elección. Por ejemplo, el cálculo de probabilidades en el póker es básico para ganar. Sin embargo, el ser humano no puede estar calculado siempre un valor objetivopara cada una de las alternativas que se tenga. Estas limitaciones en los modelos de tomas de decisiones llevaron a Kahneman y Tervsky (1972) a la postulación de una nueva teoría sobre toma de decisiones. Dentro de la toma de decisiones se encuentran los sesgos cognitivos que podemos encontrar en también en el ámbito educativo. En general, los sesgos cognitivos han sido ampliamente estudiados, sobre todo en contextos sociales y económicos. Sin embargo, las implicaciones de estos sesgos en laenseñanza-aprendizaje han sido poco investigadas. Aun así, podemos encontrar diferentes estudios sobre sesgos cognitivos que afectan a la toma de decisiones del docente dentro del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje (Allen & Coole, 2012; Sparks & Edwards, 2012). Throughout life, people make a large number of decisions, whether transcendental or superfluous. If we focus on the classic theories on decision-making based on economic theories, they show humans as rational beings who thoroughly evaluate the different options before making a choice. For example, calculating probabilities in poker is essential to winning. However, humans cannot always calculate an objective value for each of the alternatives available. These limitations in decision-making models led Kahneman and Tervsky (1972) to postulate a new theory on decision-making. Within decision-making are cognitive biases that can also be found in the educational field. In general, cognitive biases have been widely studied, especially in social and economic contexts. However, the implications of these biases in teaching-learning have been little investigated. Even so, we can find different studies on cognitive biases that affect teacher decision-making within the teaching-learning process (Allen & Coole, 2012; Sparks & Edwards, 2012).
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