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El Trabajo Social Sanitario y su relación con la Salud Pública en el abordaje de la dimensión social de la salud

Healthcare Social Work and Its Relationship with Public Health in Addressing the Social Dimension of Health
Authors: Gijón Sánchez, María Teresa;

El Trabajo Social Sanitario y su relación con la Salud Pública en el abordaje de la dimensión social de la salud

Abstract

Este trabajo analiza las particularidades que caracterizan el abordaje de la dimensión social en relación con la salud desde el ámbito del Trabajo Social Sanitario. Este campo vincula la salud con el contexto ambiental, sociopolítico y económico, constituyendo un área tradicional de estudio e intervención del Trabajo Social. Profesionalmente, se desarrolla en organizaciones sanitarias de atención primaria, especializada y sociosanitaria, mientras que académicamente se sustenta en programas de formación continua, másteres y doctorados. El Trabajo Social Sanitario busca visibilizar las condiciones sociales que influyen en la salud y la enfermedad, y no solo centrarse en la curación. Este enfoque se desarrolla en equipos multidisciplinarios e interdisciplinarios que abordan la atención sanitaria, estableciendo una relación estrecha y transdisciplinaria con la Salud Pública y su herramienta metodológica, la Epidemiología. Ambas disciplinas comparten la comprensión de que la salud y la enfermedad son el resultado de factores sociales que generan desigualdades injustas y evitables. Además, comparten un interés por desarrollar estrategias de intervención basadas en la prevención, protección, promoción y educación para la salud, dirigidas a empoderar a personas, familias, grupos y comunidades. Este análisis resalta la importancia de desarrollar un perfil específico de Trabajo Social de Salud Pública vinculado al Trabajo Social Sanitario. Este propósito se enfrenta a desafíos estructurales e institucionales en un sistema sanitario que aborda con dificultad la dimensión social, así como a la falta de reconocimiento jurídico del Trabajo Social como profesión sanitaria. Además, el desarrollo de esta especialización enfrenta resistencias epistemológicas dentro del Trabajo Social y dificultades para reivindicar su conocimiento experto en el ámbito de la salud frente a otras profesiones sanitarias.

This study analyzes the unique characteristics of addressing the social dimension in relation to health within the field of Healthcare Social Work. This area connects health with environmental, sociopolitical, and economic contexts, representing a traditional domain of study and intervention in Social Work. Professionally, it is implemented in healthcare organizations across primary care, specialized care, and socio-healthcare settings, while academically, it is supported by continuing education programs, master’s degrees, and doctoral studies. Healthcare Social Work aims to highlight the social conditions that influence health and illness, moving beyond a sole focus on treatment. This approach is developed within multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary healthcare teams, establishing a close and transdisciplinary relationship with Public Health and its methodological tool, Epidemiology. Both fields share the understanding that health and illness are shaped by social factors that generate unjust and avoidable inequalities. Additionally, they are committed to developing intervention strategies focused on prevention, protection, promotion, and health education, empowering individuals, families, groups, and communities. This analysis emphasizes the importance of developing a specific Public Health Social Work profile linked to Healthcare Social Work. This goal faces structural and institutional challenges within a healthcare system that struggles to address the social dimension, as well as the lack of legal recognition of Social Work as a healthcare profession. Furthermore, the development of this specialization encounters epistemological resistance within Social Work itself and challenges in asserting its expert knowledge of social aspects of health compared to other healthcare professions.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Desigualdades sociales en salud, Social Work, Public health, Trabajo Social, Social work, Salud pública, Servicios Sanitarios, Public Health, Salud Pública, Especialización, FOS: Sociology

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    influence
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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green