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ZENODO
Dataset . 2024
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Data sources: ZENODO
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ZENODO
Dataset . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
ZENODO
Dataset . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Dataset . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Dataset . 2024
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Dataset . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Dataset . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Supplemental Material: High serological barriers may contribute to restricted Influenza-A-virus transmission between pigs and humans

Authors: Hennig, Christin; Harder, Timm; Schmies, Kathrin; Graaf-Rau, Annika; Henneken, Philipp; Elling, Roland; Dürrwald, Ralf; +3 Authors

Supplemental Material: High serological barriers may contribute to restricted Influenza-A-virus transmission between pigs and humans

Abstract

Human-to-swine (reverse zoonotic) transmission of seasonal and pandemic human influenza A viruses (IAV) to pigs primarily replenishes the vast reservoir of genetically and antigenically heterogeneous swine (sw) IAV maintained in domestic pigs worldwide. Sporadic but regularly observed cases of pig-to-human (zoonotic) infections with swIAV tend to be discovered by chance, with children being affected disproportionately often. Here, a total of 3070 porcine and 333 human nasal swab samples from 135 swine farms in Germany were investigated for IAV by real time RT-PCR and full genome sequencing. In addition, swIAV sequences generated in the frame of this study were analyzed to determine potential mutations for human MxA and BTN3A3 escape. 01_Table S1: Summary of information of swine holdings and RT-qPCR results. 1 indicates applicable; 0 indicates not applicable; n.d. indicates not determined. 02_Table S2: Summary of information about human samples and. 1 indicates applicable; 0 indicates not applicable; n.d. indicates not determined. 03_Table S3: A. Comparison of relevant mutations in the genome of MWP/21, swine-MWP/21, and NRW/22 generated by Flusurver (http://flusurver.bii.a-star.edu.sg). 1 indicates the presence of mutation(s), 0 indicates the absence of those mutation(s). B. Visualization of the AA differences of affected segments of the zoonotic case MWP/21 and the corresponding sequence (sw-MWP/21) generated from pigs of the related herd. 04_Table S4: Accession number (EPI_ISL) of sequences analyzed in the frame of this study. All sequences are available on GISAID EpiFLU. 05_Table S5: Amino acids on positions in the nucleoprotein (NP) sequence associated with MxA resistance and BTN3A3 resistance of selected swIAV NP sequences. "av) indicates genome segments phylogenetically associated with the avian-derived H1 (1C), "pdm" indicates those of the human pandemic A/H1N1 2009 lineage (1A). 06_Figure S1: Phylogenic tree of swIAV H1 HA gene of the clades 1A, 1B and 1C annotated by global H1-lineage nomenclature by Anderson et al. (2016). Swine derived swIAV sequences generated in the frame of this study are colored in red, zoonotic cases MWP/21 and NRW/22 are colored in green. The reverse-zoonotic case is highlighted in violet with its closest related human sequence colored in green. 07_Material and Methods: Description of material used and specification of applied methods in the frame of this study. 08_Questinonaire human participants: Questionaire used in the frame of this study. 09_Questinonaire swine farms: Questionaire used in the frame of this study.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average