Key to southern African tetraploid cyprinid genera 1. Unbranched dorsal-fin ray without serrations; adult males with prominent conical tubercles on head, tubercle bands over the pectoral fin rays and single tubercle or single row of tubercles along edges of scales ................................................................................................... Pseudobarbus Smith, 1841 – Unbranched dorsal-fin flexible or bony, with serrations; adult males and females with scattered very small tubercles over head and body, simple row over anterior pectoral rays, scattered tubercles on exposed scale surfaces ...................................................................................................................... 2 2. Lateral line with 38 or more scales ................................................................................................... 3 – Lateral line with less than 38 scales ................................................................................................. 4 3. Adult size> 150 mm SL, dorsal fin base entirely before anal fin origin, snout more than 2 × orbit diameter .................................................................................................... Cheilobarbus Smith, 1841 – Adult size 75% orbit diameter, base of fins red .......................................................................... Sedercypris gen. nov. – Anal fin with 5 branched rays, mouth subterminal, single (rarely two) pair of barbels, barbel length <50% orbit diameter, base of fins without colour ....................................... Amatolacypris gen. nov.

Published as part of Skelton, Paul H., Swartz, Ernst R. & Vreven, Emmanuel J., 2018, The identity of Barbus capensis Smith, 1841 and the generic status of southern African tetraploid cyprinids (Teleostei, Cyprinidae), pp. 1-29 in European Journal of Taxonomy 410 on page 16, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.410, http://zenodo.org/record/1211198