Data collected as part of the project 'Arctic bryophyte and lichen diversity across microclimatic and competition gradients'. Plant data were collected following a standardised protocol in the field across an Arctic latitudinal gradient, including Latnjajaure, Sweden (2021), Longyearbyen, Svalbard (2022) and Disko Island, Greenland (2023). Surveying took place with the point-framing method in 0.5x0.5m plots, collecting a total of 30 hits per plot. In total, 110 plots were surveyed. See metadata for a description of all data fields in the database. First release of the data under embargo until the corresponding manuscript is published.