The Reconstructed Arctic-draining river DIscharge and Temperature (RADIT) dataset provides daily records of river discharge, temperature, and heat flux for 25 major Arctic-draining rivers from 1950 to 2023. Using machine learning methods and ERA5-Land reanalysis data, we reconstructed these key hydrological variables with high accuracy (most NSEs > 0.8). Due to licensing restrictions and to encourage adherence to the stated licenses of the original input data, this dataset only provides the reconstructed (filled) values. Users can obtain the complete historical observational data from their original publicly available sources as detailed in our documentation. By combining these original observations with our reconstructed data, a comprehensive and continuous daily dataset from 1950 to 2023 can be assembled. Clear instructions and links for downloading the original observational data used in this study can be found at: https://github.com/zhwang24/RADIT-Reconstructed-Arctic-River-Data. Should you encounter any issues or have questions, please feel free to contact the first author, Zihan Wang (zhwang2018@163.com).