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Article . 2024
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Article . 2024
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Article . 2024
License: CC BY
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Principales factores clínicos asociados a hipoglucemia en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2

Main clinical factors associated with hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Sánchez-González, Berenice del Carmen; Tapia-Venancio, Maricarmen; García-Galicia, Arturo; Parker-Bósquez, Ricardo Adolfo; Pulido-Martínez, Minerva Salomé; López-García, Diana; Montiel-Jarquín, Álvaro José;

Principales factores clínicos asociados a hipoglucemia en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2

Abstract

Resumen Introducción: la hipoglucemia es una complicación aguda frecuente de la diabetes tipo 2 (DT2) y es una emergencia médica. La etiología es fundamental para un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos. Objetivo: las características clínicas más frecuentes de pacientes con DT2 con hipoglucemia que ingresaron a Urgencias de un hospital de segundo nivel. Material y métodos: estudio descriptivo y transversal, realizado en un hospital de segundo nivel en Puebla, México, en adultos con DT2 que ingresaron con glucemia < 70 mg/dL. Se excluyeron aquellos con diagnósticos psiquiátricos. Se evaluó edad, sexo, escolaridad, tiempo de diabetes, comorbilidades, glucemia capilar, tratamiento, síntomatología, toxicomanías y cuidadores. Los pacientes firmaron consentimiento informado. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva y también la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Se correlacionó el grado de hipoglucemia con las diferentes características clínicas con Rho de Spearman. Una p ≤ 0.05 se consideró significativa. Resultados: se reclutaron 224 pacientes, con edad media de 60 (desviación estándar [DE] ± 14) años. Predominó el sexo masculino (116, 51.7%), la edad de 56 a 65 años (54,24.1%), la escolaridad primaria (79, 35.3%), una evolución de 10-20 años (80, 35.7%), la hipertensión como comorbilidad (91, 40.6%) y la hipoglucemia moderada (96, 42.9%), el tratamiento de hipoglucemiantes orales (54, 39.7%), los síntomas adrenérgicos (120, 53.6%), el tabaquismo (64, 28.6%). Conclusión: la población estudiada se caracterizó por tener un manejo y control crónico de la diabetes mellitus con base en hipoglucemiantes orales, estar en la quinta década de la vida y tener escolaridad básica.

Background: Hypoglycemia is a frequent acute complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and it is a medical emergency. The etiology is fundamental for timely diagnosis and treatment. Objective: To describe the most frequent clinical characteristics of patients with T2D with hypoglycemia, admitted to the Emergency Department of a second-level hospital. Material and methods: Descriptive and cross-sectional study, carried out in a second-level hospital in Puebla, Mexico, in adults with T2D who were admitted with glycemia < 70 mg/dL. Those with psychiatric diagnoses were excluded. Age, sex, schooling, duration of diabetes, comorbidities, capillary glycemia, treatment, symptomatology, drug addiction, and (their) caregivers were evaluated. Patients signed informed consent. Descriptive statistics, as well as Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were used. The degree of hypoglycemia was correlated with the different clinical characteristics with Spearman's Rho. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: 224 patients were recruited, with a mean age 60 (standard deviation [SD] ±14) years. Male sex (116 patients, 51.7%), age 56 to 65 years (54, 24.1%), primary schooling (79, 35.3%), evolution of 10-20 years (80, 35.7%), comorbidity hypertension (91, 40.6%) moderate hypoglycemia (96, 42. 9%), oral hypoglycemic treatment (54, 39.7%), adrenergic symptoms (120, 53.6%), and tobacco addiction (64, 28.6%) were predominant. Conclusion: The population studied was characterized by having chronic management and control of diabetes mellitus based on oral hypoglycemic agents, being in the 5th decade of life and having basic scholarship.

Keywords

Aportación Original, Diabetes Mellitus; Hipoglucemia; Hipoglucemiantes; Diabetes Mellitus; Hypoglycemia; Hypoglycemic Agents

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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