A tooth that has been pulpally involved is often rehabilitated with endodontic treatment. It is usually the consequence of caries followed by pulpal infection or traumatic damage to a tooth. Trauma and decay are mostly associated with an extensive loss of tooth structure, necessitating restoration of the tooth with a complete crown for esthetic and functional rehabilitation. If endodontic therapy is unavoidable, conservation of tooth structure is of paramount importance. Otherwise, the cumulative loss of tooth structure from caries, trauma and endodontic procedures combined with the loss of structural integrity contribute to the fracture of the tooth.