Abstract This collection of case studies delves into the intricate relationship between gender roles and social reform movements in India, examining how traditional gender norms have been both challenged and upheld across various historical and cultural settings. The case studies explore significant reform movements, such as those led by Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Jyotirao Phule, and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, which sought to dismantle oppressive gender practices like Sati, child marriage, and caste-based discrimination. These movements not only aimed at redefining the roles of women in society but also addressed the broader issues of social justice and equality. The collection highlights the contributions of women leaders and grassroots organizations in these reforms, emphasizing their role in pushing the boundaries of gender norms within a deeply patriarchal society. It also reflects on the resistance these movements faced, both from conservative forces and within the reform movements themselves, where gender biases often persisted. By analyzing these dynamics, the collection provides insights into the ongoing struggle for gender equality in India, illustrating the complex interplay between social reform and gender role differentiation. Keywords: Gender roles, social reform, India, patriarchy, women leaders.