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ZENODO
Article . 2024
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Article . 2024
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2024
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Fundamentos Biofísicos da Comunicação Neuronal: Uma Introdução para Estudantes de Psicologia

Authors: Nina e Silva, Claudio Herbert;

Fundamentos Biofísicos da Comunicação Neuronal: Uma Introdução para Estudantes de Psicologia

Abstract

Abstract: Neuronal communication is a fundamental process for understanding how behaviour is produced and how cognitive processes operate. This article explores how neurons communicate through electrical and chemical signals, which result from the conversion of various forms of environmental energy into electrical impulses by the nervous system. Sensory organs act as transduction devices, converting environmental stimuli into electrical signals that are then processed by neural networks to form the basis of cognition, behaviour, and emotion. This article also elucidates key biophysical principles such as electrical potential, the role of ion gradients, and the capacitor effect of the neuronal membrane. Furthermore, it discusses how neurotransmitters influence the electrochemical balance of the neuronal membrane, the impact of glucose on neuronal biophysical mechanisms, and the energetic cost of maintaining persistent negative thoughts in conditions such as anxiety and depression. Recent neuroscientific and computational evidence highlight that the mind is an emergent property of the nervous system's electrical activity. Keywords: Neurophysiology. Neuronal Communication. Biophysics. Resumo: A comunicação neuronal é um processo fundamental para compreender como o comportamento é produzido e como os processos cognitivos operam. Este artigo explora como os neurônios se comunicam por meio de sinais elétricos e químicos, resultantes da conversão de diversas formas de energia do ambiente em impulsos elétricos pelo sistema nervoso. Os órgãos sensoriais atuam como dispositivos de transdução, convertendo estímulos do ambiente em sinais elétricos que são então processados pelas redes neurais, formando a base da cognição, comportamento e emoção. Este artigo também elucida princípios biofísicos, como o potencial elétrico, o papel dos gradientes iônicos e o efeito capacitor da membrana do neurônio. Além disso, discute como os neurotransmissores influenciam o equilíbrio eletroquímico da membrana neuronal, o impacto da glicose nos mecanismos biofísicos dos neurônios e o custo energético da manutenção de pensamentos negativos persistentes em condições como ansiedade e depressão. Evidências recentes das Neurociências e da Ciência da Computação têm demonstrado que a mente é uma propriedade emergente da atividade elétrica do sistema nervoso. Palavras-Chave: Neurofisiologia. Comunicação Neuronal. Biofísica.

Keywords

NEUROFISIOLOGIA, COMUNICAÇÃO NEURONAL

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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