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CAiMIRA - CERN Airborne Model for Risk Assessment

Authors: Andre Henriques; Nicolas Mounet; Luis Aleixo; Philip Elson; James Devine; Gabriella Azzopardi; Marco Andreini; +7 Authors

CAiMIRA - CERN Airborne Model for Risk Assessment

Abstract

Fixed error with fraction of infectious virus (f_inf) (short-range). Default form values: NO_DEFAULT = object() DEFAULTS = { 'activity_type': 'office', 'air_changes': 0., 'air_supply': 0., 'arve_sensors_option': False, 'specific_breaks': '{}', 'precise_activity': '{}', 'calculator_version': NO_DEFAULT, 'ceiling_height': 0., 'conditional_probability_plot': False, 'conditional_probability_viral_loads': False, 'CO2_fitting_result': '{}', 'exposed_coffee_break_option': 'coffee_break_0', 'exposed_coffee_duration': 5, 'exposed_finish': '17:30', 'exposed_lunch_finish': '13:30', 'exposed_lunch_option': True, 'exposed_lunch_start': '12:30', 'exposed_start': '08:30', 'event_month': 'January', 'floor_area': 0., 'hepa_amount': 0., 'hepa_option': False, 'humidity': '', 'infected_coffee_break_option': 'coffee_break_0', 'infected_coffee_duration': 5, 'infected_dont_have_breaks_with_exposed': False, 'infected_finish': '17:30', 'infected_lunch_finish': '13:30', 'infected_lunch_option': True, 'infected_lunch_start': '12:30', 'infected_people': 1, 'infected_start': '08:30', 'inside_temp': NO_DEFAULT, 'location_latitude': NO_DEFAULT, 'location_longitude': NO_DEFAULT, 'location_name': NO_DEFAULT, 'geographic_population': 0, 'geographic_cases': 0, 'ascertainment_bias': 'confidence_low', 'exposure_option': 'p_deterministic_exposure', 'mask_type': 'Type I', 'mask_wearing_option': 'mask_off', 'mechanical_ventilation_type': 'not-applicable', 'opening_distance': 0., 'room_heating_option': False, 'room_number': NO_DEFAULT, 'room_volume': 0., 'simulation_name': NO_DEFAULT, 'total_people': NO_DEFAULT, 'vaccine_option': False, 'vaccine_booster_option': False, 'vaccine_type': 'AZD1222_(AstraZeneca)', 'vaccine_booster_type': 'AZD1222_(AstraZeneca)', 'ventilation_type': 'no_ventilation', 'virus_type': 'SARS_CoV_2', 'volume_type': NO_DEFAULT, 'window_type': 'window_sliding', 'window_height': 0., 'window_width': 0., 'windows_duration': 10., 'windows_frequency': 60., 'windows_number': 0, 'window_opening_regime': 'windows_open_permanently', 'sensor_in_use': '', 'short_range_option': 'short_range_no', 'short_range_interactions': '[]', 'short_range_occupants': 0, } # ------------------ Activities ---------------------- # ------------------ Validation ---------------------- COFFEE_OPTIONS_INT = {'coffee_break_0': 0, 'coffee_break_1': 1, 'coffee_break_2': 2, 'coffee_break_4': 4} CONFIDENCE_LEVEL_OPTIONS = {'confidence_low': 10, 'confidence_medium': 5, 'confidence_high': 2} MECHANICAL_VENTILATION_TYPES = { 'mech_type_air_changes', 'mech_type_air_supply', 'not-applicable'} MASK_WEARING_OPTIONS = {'mask_on', 'mask_off'} MONTH_NAMES = [ 'January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December', ] VACCINE_BOOSTER_TYPE = ['AZD1222_(AstraZeneca)', 'Ad26.COV2.S_(Janssen)', 'BNT162b2_(Pfizer)', 'BNT162b2_(Pfizer)_(4th_dose)', 'BNT162b2_(Pfizer)_and_mRNA-1273_(Moderna)', 'BNT162b2_(Pfizer)_or_mRNA-1273_(Moderna)', 'BNT162b2_(Pfizer)_or_mRNA-1273_(Moderna)_(4th_dose)', 'CoronaVac_(Sinovac)', 'Coronavac_(Sinovac)', 'Sinopharm', 'mRNA-1273_(Moderna)', 'mRNA-1273_(Moderna)_(4th_dose)', 'Other'] VACCINE_TYPE = ['Ad26.COV2.S_(Janssen)', 'Any_mRNA_-_heterologous', 'AZD1222_(AstraZeneca)', 'AZD1222_(AstraZeneca)_and_any_mRNA_-_heterologous', 'AZD1222_(AstraZeneca)_and_BNT162b2_(Pfizer)', 'BBIBP-CorV_(Beijing_CNBG)', 'BNT162b2_(Pfizer)', 'BNT162b2_(Pfizer)_and_mRNA-1273_(Moderna)', 'CoronaVac_(Sinovac)', 'CoronaVac_(Sinovac)_and_AZD1222_(AstraZeneca)', 'Covishield', 'mRNA-1273_(Moderna)', 'Sputnik_V_(Gamaleya)', 'CoronaVac_(Sinovac)_and_BNT162b2_(Pfizer)'] VENTILATION_TYPES = {'natural_ventilation', 'mechanical_ventilation', 'no_ventilation', 'from_fitting'} VOLUME_TYPES = {'room_volume_explicit', 'room_volume_from_dimensions'} WINDOWS_OPENING_REGIMES = {'windows_open_permanently', 'windows_open_periodically', 'not-applicable'} WINDOWS_TYPES = {'window_sliding', 'window_hinged', 'not-applicable'} Configuration: version = None expiration_particle = { "long_range_particle_diameter": { "minimum_diameter": 0.1, "maximum_diameter": 30, "references": "Morawska et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2008.11.002); Johnson et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2011.07.009).", }, "short_range_particle_diameter": { "minimum_diameter": 0.1, "maximum_diameter": 100, "references": "Morawska et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2008.11.002); Johnson et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2011.07.009).", }, "BLOmodel": { "cn": {"B": 0.06, "L": 0.2, "O": 0.0010008}, "mu": {"B": 0.989541, "L": 1.38629, "O": 4.97673}, "sigma": {"B": 0.262364, "L": 0.506818, "O": 0.585005}, "references": "Morawska et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2008.11.002); Johnson et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2011.07.009).", }, "expiration_BLO_factors": { "Breathing": {"B": 1., "L": 0., "O": 0., }, "Speaking": {"B": 1., "L": 1., "O": 1., }, "Singing": {"B": 1., "L": 5., "O": 5., }, "Shouting": {"B": 1., "L": 5., "O": 5., }, "references": "Morawska et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2008.11.002); Johnson et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2011.07.009).", }, "particle": { "evaporation_factor": 0.3, "references": "Marr et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2018.0298).", }, } activity_distributions = { "Seated": { "inhalation_rate": { "associated_value": "Log-normal distribution", "parameters": { "lognormal_mean_gaussian": -0.6872121723362303, "lognormal_standard_deviation_gaussian": 0.10498338229297108, }, "references": "Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0076) and references therein.", }, "exhalation_rate": { "associated_value": "Log-normal distribution", "parameters": { "lognormal_mean_gaussian": -0.6872121723362303, "lognormal_standard_deviation_gaussian": 0.10498338229297108, }, "references": "Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0076) and references therein.", }, }, "Standing": { "inhalation_rate": { "associated_value": "Log-normal distribution", "parameters": { "lognormal_mean_gaussian": -0.5742377578494785, "lognormal_standard_deviation_gaussian": 0.09373162411398223, }, "references": "Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0076) and references therein.", }, "exhalation_rate": { "associated_value": "Log-normal distribution", "parameters": { "lognormal_mean_gaussian": -0.5742377578494785, "lognormal_standard_deviation_gaussian": 0.09373162411398223, }, "references": "Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0076) and references therein.", }, }, "Light activity": { "inhalation_rate": { "associated_value": "Log-normal distribution", "parameters": { "lognormal_mean_gaussian": 0.21380242785625422, "lognormal_standard_deviation_gaussian": 0.09435378091059601, }, "references": "Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0076) and references therein.", }, "exhalation_rate": { "associated_value": "Log-normal distribution", "parameters": { "lognormal_mean_gaussian": 0.21380242785625422, "lognormal_standard_deviation_gaussian": 0.09435378091059601, }, "references": "Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0076) and references therein.", }, }, "Moderate activity": { "inhalation_rate": { "associated_value": "Log-normal distribution", "parameters": { "lognormal_mean_gaussian": 0.551771330362601, "lognormal_standard_deviation_gaussian": 0.1894616357138137, }, "references": "Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0076) and references therein.", }, "exhalation_rate": { "associated_value": "Log-normal distribution", "parameters": { "lognormal_mean_gaussian": 0.551771330362601, "lognormal_standard_deviation_gaussian": 0.1894616357138137, }, "references": "Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0076) and references therein.", }, }, "Heavy exercise": { "inhalation_rate": { "associated_value": "Log-normal distribution", "parameters": { "lognormal_mean_gaussian": 1.1644665696723049, "lognormal_standard_deviation_gaussian": 0.21744554768657565, }, "references": "Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0076) and references therein.", }, "exhalation_rate": { "associated_value": "Log-normal distribution", "parameters": { "lognormal_mean_gaussian": 1.1644665696723049, "lognormal_standard_deviation_gaussian": 0.21744554768657565, }, "references": "Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0076) and references therein.", }, }, } virological_data = { "symptomatic_vl_frequencies": { "associated_value": "Log Custom Kernel distribution", "parameters": { "log_variable": [ 2.46032, 2.67431, 2.85434, 3.06155, 3.25856, 3.47256, 3.66957, 3.85979, 4.09927, 4.27081, 4.47631, 4.66653, 4.87204, 5.10302, 5.27456, 5.46478, 5.6533, 5.88428, 6.07281, 6.30549, 6.48552, 6.64856, 6.85407, 7.10373, 7.30075, 7.47229, 7.66081, 7.85782, 8.05653, 8.27053, 8.48453, 8.65607, 8.90573, 9.06878, 9.27429, 9.473, 9.66152, 9.87552, ], "frequencies": [ 0.001206885, 0.007851618, 0.008078144, 0.01502491, 0.013258014, 0.018528495, 0.020053765, 0.021896167, 0.022047184, 0.018604005, 0.01547796, 0.018075445, 0.021503523, 0.022349217, 0.025097721, 0.032875078, 0.030594727, 0.032573045, 0.034717482, 0.034792991, 0.033267721, 0.042887485, 0.036846816, 0.03876473, 0.045016819, 0.040063473, 0.04883754, 0.043944602, 0.048142864, 0.041588741, 0.048762031, 0.027921732, 0.033871788, 0.022122693, 0.016927718, 0.008833228, 0.00478598, 0.002807662, ], "kernel_bandwidth": 0.1, }, "references": "Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.10.14.21264988) and references therein.", }, "covid_overal_vl_data": { "associated_value": "Weibull distribution", "parameters": { "shape_factor": 3.47, "scale_factor": 7.01, "start": 0.01, "stop": 0.99, "num": 30.0, "min_bound": 2, "max_bound": 10, "interpolation_fp_left": 0, "interpolation_fp_right": 0, "max_function": 0.2, }, "references": "Chen et al. (https://elifesciences.org/articles/65774); First line of the figure in https://iiif.elifesciences.org/lax:65774%2Felife-65774-fig4-figsupp3-v2.tif/full/1500,/0/default.jpg.", }, "virus_distributions": { "SARS_CoV_2": { "viral_load_in_sputum": ViralLoads.COVID_OVERALL.value, "infectious_dose": { "associated_value": "Uniform distribution", "parameters": {"low": 10, "high": 100}, "references": "Lednicky et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.025); Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0076) and references therein.", }, "viable_to_RNA_ratio": { "associated_value": "Uniform distribution", "parameters": {"low": 0.01, "high": 0.6}, "references": "", }, "transmissibility_factor": { "value": 1, "references": "Campbell et al. (https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.24.2100509.)", }, "infectiousness_days": { "value": 14, "references": "", }, }, "SARS_CoV_2_ALPHA": { "viral_load_in_sputum": ViralLoads.COVID_OVERALL.value, "infectious_dose": { "associated_value": "Uniform distribution", "parameters": {"low": 10, "high": 100}, "references": "Lednicky et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.025); Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0076) and references therein.", }, "viable_to_RNA_ratio": { "associated_value": "Uniform distribution", "parameters": {"low": 0.01, "high": 0.6}, "references": "", }, "transmissibility_factor": { "value": 0.78, "references": "Campbell et al. (https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.24.2100509.)", }, "infectiousness_days": { "value": 14, "references": "", }, }, "SARS_CoV_2_BETA": { "viral_load_in_sputum": ViralLoads.COVID_OVERALL.value, "infectious_dose": { "associated_value": "Uniform distribution", "parameters": {"low": 10, "high": 100}, "references": "Lednicky et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.025); Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0076) and references therein.", }, "viable_to_RNA_ratio": { "associated_value": "Uniform distribution", "parameters": {"low": 0.01, "high": 0.6}, "references": "", }, "transmissibility_factor": { "value": 0.8, "references": "Campbell et al. (https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.24.2100509.)", }, "infectiousness_days": { "value": 14, "references": "", }, }, "SARS_CoV_2_GAMMA": { "viral_load_in_sputum": ViralLoads.COVID_OVERALL.value, "infectious_dose": { "associated_value": "Uniform distribution", "parameters": {"low": 10, "high": 100}, "references": "Lednicky et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.025); Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0076) and references therein.", }, "viable_to_RNA_ratio": { "associated_value": "Uniform distribution", "parameters": {"low": 0.01, "high": 0.6}, "references": "", }, "transmissibility_factor": { "value": 0.72, "references": "Campbell et al. (https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.24.2100509.)", }, "infectiousness_days": { "value": 14, "references": "", }, }, "SARS_CoV_2_DELTA": { "viral_load_in_sputum": ViralLoads.COVID_OVERALL.value, "infectious_dose": { "associated_value": "Uniform distribution", "parameters": {"low": 10, "high": 100}, "references": "Lednicky et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.025); Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0076) and references therein.", }, "viable_to_RNA_ratio": { "associated_value": "Uniform distribution", "parameters": {"low": 0.01, "high": 0.6}, "references": "", }, "transmissibility_factor": { "value": 0.51, "references": "Campbell et al. (https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.24.2100509.)", }, "infectiousness_days": { "value": 14, "references": "", }, }, "SARS_CoV_2_OMICRON": { "viral_load_in_sputum": ViralLoads.COVID_OVERALL.value, "infectious_dose": { "associated_value": "Uniform distribution", "parameters": {"low": 10, "high": 100}, "references": "Lednicky et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.025); Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0076) and references therein.", }, "viable_to_RNA_ratio": { "associated_value": "Uniform distribution", "parameters": {"low": 0.01, "high": 0.6}, "references": "", }, "transmissibility_factor": { "value": 0.2, "references": "", }, "infectiousness_days": { "value": 14, "references": "", }, }, }, } mask_distributions = { "Type I": { "η_inhale": { "associated_value": "Uniform distribution", "parameters": { "low": 0.25, "high": 0.80, }, "references": "Pan et al. (https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2021.1890687); Booth et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2013.02.007); Monn et al. (https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2020.08.0531).", }, "factor_exhale": { "value": 1, "references": "", }, }, "FFP2": { "η_inhale": { "associated_value": "Uniform distribution", "parameters": { "low": 0.83, "high": 0.91, }, "references": "Pan et al. (https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2021.1890687); Booth et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2013.02.007); Monn et al. (https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2020.08.0531).", }, "factor_exhale": { "value": 1, "references": "", }, }, "Cloth": { "η_inhale": { "associated_value": "Uniform distribution", "parameters": { "low": 0.05, "high": 0.40, }, "references": "Pan et al. (https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2021.1890687); Booth et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2013.02.007); Monn et al. (https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2020.08.0531).", }, "η_exhale": { "associated_value": "Uniform distribution", "parameters": { "low": 0.20, "high": 0.50, }, "references": "Pan et al. (https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2021.1890687); Booth et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2013.02.007); Monn et al. (https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2020.08.0531).", }, "factor_exhale": { "value": 1, "references": "", }, }, } #################################### room = { "inside_temp": 293., "humidity_with_heating": 0.3, "humidity_without_heating": 0.5, "references": "", } ventilation = { "natural": { "discharge_factor": { "sliding": 0.6, }, }, "infiltration_ventilation": 0.25, "references": "Henriques et al. (https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.10.14.21264988).", } concentration_model = { "virus_concentration_model": { "min_background_concentration": 0.0, "references": "", }, "CO2_concentration_model": { "CO2_atmosphere_concentration": 440.44, "CO2_fraction_exhaled": 0.042, "references": "", }, } short_range_model = { "dilution_factor": { "mouth_diameter": 0.02, "exhalation_coefficient": 2, "breathing_cycle": 4, "penetration_coefficients": { "𝛽r1": 0.18, "𝛽r2": 0.2, "𝛽x1": 2.4, }, "references": "Jia et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109166).", }, "conversational_distance": { "minimum_distance": 0.5, "maximum_distance": 2.0, "references": "Derived from Fig. 8 a) 'stand-stand' in Zhang et al. (https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/4/1445).", }, } monte_carlo = { "sample_size": 250000, "references": "", } population_scenario_activity = { "office": {"placeholder": "Office", "activity": "Seated", "expiration": {"Speaking": 1, "Breathing": 2}}, "smallmeeting": { "placeholder": "Small meeting (= 10 occ.)", "activity": "Standing", "expiration": {"Speaking": 1, "Breathing": 2}, }, "callcenter": {"placeholder": "Call Center", "activity": "Seated", "expiration": {"Speaking": 1}}, "controlroom-day": { "placeholder": "Control Room - Day shift", "activity": "Seated", "expiration": {"Speaking": 1, "Breathing": 1}, }, "controlroom-night": { "placeholder": "Control Room - Night shift", "activity": "Seated", "expiration": {"Speaking": 1, "Breathing": 9}, }, "library": {"placeholder": "Library", "activity": "Seated", "expiration": {"Breathing": 1}}, "lab": { "placeholder": "Lab", "activity": "Light activity", "expiration": {"Speaking": 1, "Breathing": 1}, }, "workshop": { "placeholder": "Workshop", "activity": "Moderate activity", "expiration": {"Speaking": 1, "Breathing": 1}, }, "training": {"placeholder": "Conference/Training (speaker infected)", "activity": "Standing", "expiration": {"Speaking": 1}}, "training_attendee": {"placeholder": "Conference/Training (attendee infected)", "activity": "Seated", "expiration": {"Breathing": 1}}, "gym": {"placeholder": "Gym", "activity": "Heavy exercise", "expiration": {"Breathing": 1}}, "household-day": { "placeholder": "Household (day time)", "activity": "Light activity", "expiration": {"Breathing": 5, "Speaking": 5}, }, "household-night": { "placeholder": "Household (evening and night time)", "activity": "Seated", "expiration": {"Breathing": 7, "Speaking": 3}, }, "primary-school": { "placeholder": "Primary school", "activity": "Light activity", "expiration": {"Breathing": 5, "Speaking": 5}, }, "secondary-school": { "placeholder": "Secondary school", "activity": "Light activity", "expiration": {"Breathing": 7, "Speaking": 3}, }, "university": { "placeholder": "University", "activity": "Seated", "expiration": {"Breathing": 9, "Speaking": 1}, }, "restaurant": { "placeholder": "Restaurant", "activity": "Seated", "expiration": {"Breathing": 1, "Speaking": 9}, }, "precise": {"placeholder": "Precise", "activity": "", "expiration": {}}, }

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average