Introduction: Haemolytic anaemia is a group of disorders that cause significant morbidity in children. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted at district hospital, Rajkot for a period of 1 year. All cases of newly diagnosed and old cases of haemolytic anaemia on follow up were included. A total of 232 cases from all age group were enrolled. Complete demographic and clinical details of all the patients were noted. Classification of the patients was done based on etiologic profile. Separate recording of the etiologic profile was done for subjects with acute and chronic haemolytic anaemia. Clinical profile of all the subjects was noted. Results: While assessing the patients with acute haemolytic anaemia, it was seen that Inherited, Autoimmune, Infections (malaria, dengue, viral hepatitis, enteric fever) and Malignancy, HELLP sx causes were the etiologic profile in 40%, 7%, 12% and 12%, 20% of the patients respectively. While assessing the patients with chronic haemolytic anaemia, it was seen that Inherited (Sickle cell disease/Thalassemia), Blood transfusion complications, Autoimmune conditions, and Bone marrow failure, causes were the etiologic profile in 94%, 0.5%, 1.09% & 1% of the patient respectively. The mean haemoglobin at presentation was 7.39 gm/dl. Massive splenomegaly & hepatomegaly causing discomfort, gall stones were seen in 105 cases. In thalassemia major, 60 cases required frequent transfusions [10-12 per year]. 15 came for less frequent transfusions [6 per year]. Sickle thalassemia & thalassemia intermedia, required one transfusion every 1-2 years. Occasional transfusions were given in sickle cell anaemia also. Conclusion: Haemoglobin electrophoresis remains the main investigation of choice in diagnosis of haemolytic anaemia. Thalassemia major is the most severe among other haemolytic anaemia encountered in this series. The study conclude that the need to improve awareness regarding hemoglobinopathies among population also prenatal screening, blood transfusion policies, chelation. policies to prevent complications in transfusion dependent patients.

Introduction: Haemolytic anaemia is a group of disorders that cause significant morbidity in children. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted at district hospital, Rajkot for a period of 1 year. All cases of newly diagnosed and old cases of haemolytic anaemia on follow up were included. A total of 232 cases from all age group were enrolled. Complete demographic and clinical details of all the patients were noted. Classification of the patients was done based on etiologic profile. Separate recording of the etiologic profile was done for subjects with acute and chronic haemolytic anaemia. Clinical profile of all the subjects was noted. Results: While assessing the patients with acute haemolytic anaemia, it was seen that Inherited, Autoimmune, Infections (malaria, dengue, viral hepatitis, enteric fever) and Malignancy, HELLP sx causes were the etiologic profile in 40%, 7%, 12% and 12%, 20% of the patients respectively. While assessing the patients with chronic haemolytic anaemia, it was seen that Inherited (Sickle cell disease/Thalassemia), Blood transfusion complications, Autoimmune conditions, and Bone marrow failure, causes were the etiologic profile in 94%, 0.5%, 1.09% & 1% of the patient respectively. The mean haemoglobin at presentation was 7.39 gm/dl. Massive splenomegaly & hepatomegaly causing discomfort, gall stones were seen in 105 cases. In thalassemia major, 60 cases required frequent transfusions [10-12 per year]. 15 came for less frequent transfusions [6 per year]. Sickle thalassemia & thalassemia intermedia, required one transfusion every 1-2 years. Occasional transfusions were given in sickle cell anaemia also. Conclusion: Haemoglobin electrophoresis remains the main investigation of choice in diagnosis of haemolytic anaemia. Thalassemia major is the most severe among other haemolytic anaemia encountered in this series. The study conclude that the need to improve awareness regarding hemoglobinopathies among population also prenatal screening, blood transfusion policies, chelation. policies to prevent complications in transfusion dependent patients.