ABSTRACT Background Family is the foundation of community. It affects children and provides the language, culture, customs, values and attitudes of the community. It provides care and material, psychological and social care. Furthermore, it strengthens children's personality to cope with stress and life problems, be active and productive. It develops the behavioural and social skills of children to establish appropriate social relationships and achieve psychological stability. Methods and Materials: The current study was based on a descriptive, cross sectional study design, which conducted on a sample consisted of 50 orphans living in Dar Al-Etam in Mosul city from period (20th November 2022 to 25th January 2023). Data was collected using a structured interview questionnaire and observational check list designed by the researchers. The data was analyzed performed by statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Results: The results show that the majority of the survey sample was made up of men, 62 per cent, and 38 per cent, and that about half of the survey sample was 16 years old or older. A third of the study sample then consisted of 32 percent of aged 11 to 13. The relationship between general health and gender was significant with a value of p. 016, and the relationship between general health and age was also significant with a value of p. 001. According to social needs, the study showed an important relationship between social needs, sex, and parental loss. Conclusions and Recommendations: The study concluded that orphans are considered to be a critical phase of the lives of orphans who are desperately in need of parent and family care because of their significant role in psychological and psychological and social development of current and future personalities. The researchers presented some recommendations: First, educate society/community on the importance of supporting orphans in capital.I