AbstractBackground and Aim: Intrathecal adjuvants have gained popularity for prolonging duration and quality ofsubarachnoid block. Hence, this study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of addition of magnesium sulphatewith bupivacaine (hyperbaric) in spinal anesthesia for prolongation of analgesia.Material and Methods: This randomized controlled study enrolled 80 patients, comprising both males andfemales with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II, who were scheduled for lower limborthopedic surgeries. Patients were randomly allocated in two groups and were given following drugintrathecally as per group. Group BM – bupivacaine 15 mg(0.5% heavy) with magnesium sulphate (100 mg)Group B – bupivacaine 15 mg (0.5% heavy) with 0.5 ml normal saline. Parameters monitored were onset ofsensory and motor block, duration of analgesia, hemodynamic parameters, sedation score and intra andpostoperative complication. Data analyzed by student’s t test and chi square test.Results: The time of onset of sensory block was comparable in both the group, the time of onset of motor blockwas delayed in group BM (77.37 ± 8.69) compared to Group B (72.50 ± 12.40). The mean duration of motorblockade was 322.25 ± 23.91 min in group BM and 272.50 ± 23.01 min in group B. It was statisticallysignificant. The postoperative analgesia was found to be prolonged with addition of intrathecal magnesiumsulphate (24 hr VAS score 2.13 ± 1.17 in BM group, and 3.40 ± 1.79 in Group B) and it provided betterhemodynamic stability.Conclusion: The addition of 100 mg of magnesium sulfate to hyperbaric bupivacaine has effectively extendedanalgesia duration, influenced motor blockade onset, and improved hemodynamic stability without notableadverse effects, making it a valuable adjunct in lower limb orthopedic postoperative pain management.Additional research and trials are warranted to fully understand its therapeutic benefits and optimize its clinicalutility

AbstractBackground and Aim: Intrathecal adjuvants have gained popularity for prolonging duration and quality ofsubarachnoid block. Hence, this study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of addition of magnesium sulphatewith bupivacaine (hyperbaric) in spinal anesthesia for prolongation of analgesia.Material and Methods: This randomized controlled study enrolled 80 patients, comprising both males andfemales with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II, who were scheduled for lower limborthopedic surgeries. Patients were randomly allocated in two groups and were given following drugintrathecally as per group. Group BM – bupivacaine 15 mg(0.5% heavy) with magnesium sulphate (100 mg)Group B – bupivacaine 15 mg (0.5% heavy) with 0.5 ml normal saline. Parameters monitored were onset ofsensory and motor block, duration of analgesia, hemodynamic parameters, sedation score and intra andpostoperative complication. Data analyzed by student’s t test and chi square test.Results: The time of onset of sensory block was comparable in both the group, the time of onset of motor blockwas delayed in group BM (77.37 ± 8.69) compared to Group B (72.50 ± 12.40). The mean duration of motorblockade was 322.25 ± 23.91 min in group BM and 272.50 ± 23.01 min in group B. It was statisticallysignificant. The postoperative analgesia was found to be prolonged with addition of intrathecal magnesiumsulphate (24 hr VAS score 2.13 ± 1.17 in BM group, and 3.40 ± 1.79 in Group B) and it provided betterhemodynamic stability.Conclusion: The addition of 100 mg of magnesium sulfate to hyperbaric bupivacaine has effectively extendedanalgesia duration, influenced motor blockade onset, and improved hemodynamic stability without notableadverse effects, making it a valuable adjunct in lower limb orthopedic postoperative pain management.Additional research and trials are warranted to fully understand its therapeutic benefits and optimize its clinicalutility