Background: Hospital-Acquired nosocomial Infections (HAIs) increase patients’ risk of sickness, mortality, and healthcare system costs. Common healthcare-associated ailments include pneumonia, UTIs, surgical site infections, and bloodstream infections. A major public health and infection control challenge, these illnesses frequently appear 48 hours or more after admission. Method: A retrospective cohort study examined nosocomial infection patterns over time. All hospitalised nosocomial infections were studied. Patient demographics, pathogen types, antibiotic resistance patterns, and ailment categories were studied. Statistical analysis included logistic regression models, descriptive statistics, and trend analysis. Result: NOS infections were 15%, with surgical sites (35%), urinary tracts (25%), bloodstreams (20%), and pneumonia (20%) being the most common. The most common infectious agents were 60% Gram-negative bacteria, 25% Gram-positive bacteria, and 20% fungi. Gram-negative bacteria were resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus caused 15% of surgical site infections. Nosocomial infection patients stayed 10 days on average, compared to 5 days for non-infected patients. Conclusion: Nosocomial infections regularly strain healthcare systems. In the study, antibiotic resistance and Gram-negative bacteria are common. Effective infection prevention and control requires infection control measures, real-time monitoring, and antibiotic stewardship. Future research should examine new infection prevention approaches, viruses, and their resistance mechanisms.

Background: Hospital-Acquired nosocomial Infections (HAIs) increase patients’ risk of sickness, mortality, and healthcare system costs. Common healthcare-associated ailments include pneumonia, UTIs, surgical site infections, and bloodstream infections. A major public health and infection control challenge, these illnesses frequently appear 48 hours or more after admission. Method: A retrospective cohort study examined nosocomial infection patterns over time. All hospitalised nosocomial infections were studied. Patient demographics, pathogen types, antibiotic resistance patterns, and ailment categories were studied. Statistical analysis included logistic regression models, descriptive statistics, and trend analysis. Result: NOS infections were 15%, with surgical sites (35%), urinary tracts (25%), bloodstreams (20%), and pneumonia (20%) being the most common. The most common infectious agents were 60% Gram-negative bacteria, 25% Gram-positive bacteria, and 20% fungi. Gram-negative bacteria were resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus caused 15% of surgical site infections. Nosocomial infection patients stayed 10 days on average, compared to 5 days for non-infected patients. Conclusion: Nosocomial infections regularly strain healthcare systems. In the study, antibiotic resistance and Gram-negative bacteria are common. Effective infection prevention and control requires infection control measures, real-time monitoring, and antibiotic stewardship. Future research should examine new infection prevention approaches, viruses, and their resistance mechanisms.