This research delves into the intricate dynamics of arterial and cerebral blood pressure. It aims to unravel the multifaceted relationship between arterial hypertension, cerebral perfusion, and neurological health. Focusing on the interplay of various factors, including arterial blood pressure (X1), cerebral vascular resistance (X2), and neurovascular coupling (Y), this study explores how alterations in these parameters impact cerebral blood flow regulation and ultimately affect brain function. Arterial hypertension (Z) serves as a pivotal mediator, modulating the effects of arterial blood pressure and cerebral vascular resistance on cerebral perfusion. Employing advanced analytical techniques such as path analysis and structural equation modeling, the study reveals the intricate pathways through which arterial hypertension influences cerebral perfusion dynamics. Furthermore, it underscores the critical role of neurovascular coupling in maintaining cerebral blood flow homeostasis amidst fluctuations in arterial pressure. Ultimately, these findings underscore the importance of comprehensive strategies aimed at managing arterial hypertension to safeguard cerebral perfusion and preserve neurological function. Integration of these insights into clinical practice holds promise for enhancing the management of arterial hypertension and reducing the burden of cerebrovascular diseases on public health.