This dataset contains two directories as below. 1. Hydrological_Simulation Historical_runoff_simulation.csv : the four runoff components at monthly scale (km^3/month) aggregated from daily runoff simulation results for the historical period The subdirectory "SSP126" contains 9 CSV files, each representing the simulation results from a different GCM for the SSP1-2.6 scenario. Each file contains four runoff components at monthly scale (km³/month) aggregated from daily runoff simulation results. The subdirectory "SSP245" contains 9 CSV files, each representing the simulation results from a different GCM for the SSP2-4.5 scenario. Each file contains four runoff components at monthly scale (km³/month) aggregated from daily runoff simulation results. The subdirectory "SSP585" contains 9 CSV files, each representing the simulation results from a different GCM for the SSP5-8.5 scenario. Each file contains four runoff components at monthly scale (km³/month) aggregated from daily runoff simulation results. The subdirectory "48 experiments" contains the four runoff components at monthly scale (km^3/month) simulated for 48 climate scenarios, with the file name indicating the scenario settings:t[+x]_p[+/-yy]_runoff_simulation.csv means the scenario with temperature increase at x C degree and precipitation change at +/- yy%. 2. Water_Demand_Estimation Historical_water_demand_estimation.csv : the monthly water demands (km^3/month) from irrigation (including wheat, cotton, and corn) and other sectors for the historical period The subdirectory "SSP126" contains 9 CSV files, each representing the estimation results from a different GCM for the SSP1-2.6 scenario. Each file contains the monthly water demands (km³/month) from irrigation (including wheat, cotton, and corn) and other sectors. The subdirectory "SSP245" contains 9 CSV files, each representing the estimation results from a different GCM for the SSP2-4.5 scenario. Each file contains the monthly water demands (km³/month) from irrigation (including wheat, cotton, and corn) and other sectors. The subdirectory "SSP585" contains 9 CSV files, each representing the estimation results from a different GCM for the SSP5-8.5 scenario. Each file contains the monthly water demands (km³/month) from irrigation (including wheat, cotton, and corn) and other sectors. The subdirectory "48 experiments" contains the monthly water demands (km^3/month) estimated for 48 climate scenarios, with the file name indicating the scenario settings:t[+x]_p[+/-yy]_runoff_simulation.csv means the scenario with temperature increase at x C degree and precipitation change at +/- yy%.