Background: In this study, we wanted to compare the effectiveness of single-file reciprocating systems and rotary systems in removing endotoxins and bacteria in endodontic retreatment, compare the efficacy of hand file, nickel titanium rotary instrument, and reciprocating instruments for removing filling material from extracted human teeth. Methods: This was a hospital based study where 90 mandibular premolar teeth were collected from the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from Awadh Dental College and Hospital, after obtaining clearance from the institutional ethics committee and written informed consent from the study participants. Results: In comparison of coronal values between the groups using one-way ANOVA, it was found to be statistically significant. In pairwise comparison of coronal values between the groups using Tukey post-hoc analysis, statistically significant difference existed between the mean values of the group pairs: I vs V, III vs V and III vs VI. In comparison of middle values between the groups using one-way ANOVA, comparison of apical values between the groups using one-way ANOVA was found to be statistically significant. In pairwise comparison of apical values between the groups using Tukey Post Hoc analysis, statistically significant difference existed between the mean values of the group pairs: I vs III, II vs III, III vs IV, III vs V and III vs VI. In comparison of the total values between the groups using One-Way ANOVA was found to be statistically significant. In pairwise comparison of the total values between the groups using Tukey Post Hoc analysis, statistically significant difference existed between the mean values of the group pairs: III vs V and III vs VI. Conclusion: Wave One reciprocating file system used with ProTaper Universal retreatment system showed more efficacy in removing gutta-percha and sealer from the root canal walls when compared to Neoniti Rotary Files and H-files. The use of solvent, Endosolv R did not improve the removal of filling material from the root canals.

Background: In this study, we wanted to compare the effectiveness of single-file reciprocating systems and rotary systems in removing endotoxins and bacteria in endodontic retreatment, compare the efficacy of hand file, nickel titanium rotary instrument, and reciprocating instruments for removing filling material from extracted human teeth. Methods: This was a hospital based study where 90 mandibular premolar teeth were collected from the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from Awadh Dental College and Hospital, after obtaining clearance from the institutional ethics committee and written informed consent from the study participants. Results: In comparison of coronal values between the groups using one-way ANOVA, it was found to be statistically significant. In pairwise comparison of coronal values between the groups using Tukey post-hoc analysis, statistically significant difference existed between the mean values of the group pairs: I vs V, III vs V and III vs VI. In comparison of middle values between the groups using one-way ANOVA, comparison of apical values between the groups using one-way ANOVA was found to be statistically significant. In pairwise comparison of apical values between the groups using Tukey Post Hoc analysis, statistically significant difference existed between the mean values of the group pairs: I vs III, II vs III, III vs IV, III vs V and III vs VI. In comparison of the total values between the groups using One-Way ANOVA was found to be statistically significant. In pairwise comparison of the total values between the groups using Tukey Post Hoc analysis, statistically significant difference existed between the mean values of the group pairs: III vs V and III vs VI. Conclusion: Wave One reciprocating file system used with ProTaper Universal retreatment system showed more efficacy in removing gutta-percha and sealer from the root canal walls when compared to Neoniti Rotary Files and H-files. The use of solvent, Endosolv R did not improve the removal of filling material from the root canals.