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Адаптація Первісних Мисливців До Життя В Перигляціальних Степах / Adaptation Of Prehistoric Hunters To Life In Periglacial Plains

Authors: Pistruil Igor;

Адаптація Первісних Мисливців До Життя В Перигляціальних Степах / Adaptation Of Prehistoric Hunters To Life In Periglacial Plains

Abstract

Для свого життєзабезпечення общинам кам’яного віку, перш за все, необхідно було три складових: вода, їжа та сировина для виготовлення знарядь. Цим вимогам відповідає мікрорегіон нижньої течії р. Бакшала (права притока р. Південний Буг). Перші пам’ятки кам’яного віку на річці Бакшала біля с. Анетівка були ви- явлені в 1930-1932 рр., експедицією під керівництвом Ф. Козубовського. З 1978 року в долині р. Бакшала (біля сс. Анетівка та Щуцьке) під керівництвом В.Н. Станко (1978-2007 рр.) і І.В. Піструіла (з 2008 р.) проводяться стаціонарні дослідження на пізньопалеолітичному поселенні Анетівка 2. За цей час в районі с. Анетівка було локалізовано більш ніж 25 пам’яток епохи палеоліту. На деяких з них (Анетівка 1, Анетівка 13, Анетівка 22) було проведено стаціонарні археологічні дослідження. Така насиченість мікрорегіону верхньопалеолітични- ми пам’ятками пов’язується з наявністю родовищ кременю, що використовувався стародавніми мешканцями. Дослідженнями зафіксовано існування двох індустріальних традицій – епіоріньяк та епігравет. Представники цих індустріальних традицій, незалежно одна від одної, однаково використовували сировинну базу та об’єкти полювання анетівського мікрорегіону. There existed three main life support factors for Stone Age communities – water, food and raw material (for tool manufacture). The micro-region of Bakshala river downstream (the right-side tributary of Southern Boug river) corresponded to all these requirements. The work of expedition, headed by F. Kozubovskiy in 1930 – 1932, revealed first sites attributed to Stone Age near the village of Anetovka (Bakshala river basin). Complex and stationary (year-by-year) investigations of this micro-region (i.e. vicinities of villages Anetovka and Shchutske) were undertaken later on and were headed by V.N. Stanko in 1978 – 2007 and I.V. Pistruil since 2008. The “key-site” of this micro-region is Anetovka 2, which vicinities “contain” over 25 other localities, attributed to Upper Palaeolithic period – including surface collections of material and stationary excavated sites (Anetovka 1, Anetovka 13, Anetovka 22). Such archaeological concentration of Upper Palaeolithic sites within this micro-region was caused by rich flint sources, that were utilized independently and equally by ancient representatives of both technological traditions – Epi-Aurignacian and Epi-Gravettian.

Keywords

Prehistoric hunters, Upper Palaeolithic, Bakshala River valley

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