Numerous studies have investigated the effects of forest loss and fragmentation on species diversity at local and landscape scales, but they are usually restricted to one biological group. This dataset consolidates studies conducted on a variety of taxa in forest fragments of different sizes embedded in diverse landscapes across the globe. In addition to community composition and species relative abundances, it incorporates the spatial locations of fragments and species functional traits. Data were collected between 1994 and 2023, depending on the study. For each fragment, we measured different buffers to extract landscape composition and configuration metrics.