The primary stability of dental implants is dependent on mechanical characteristics including bone quality or quantity, type of implant, and insertion technique. The objective of this study was to evaluate drilling times, temperatures during drilling, and implant stability in cavities created using piezosurgery and rotary instruments. Polyurethane blocks were used to simulate the densities of bone types I, II, III, and IV. The surface temperature of the block was measured in the cavity during drilling, and the highest temperature variation was recorded. The stability of the implants was measured by insertion torque, removal torque, and resonance frequency. The cylindrical implant TitaOss (3.75 mm × 11 mm) was used in all cavities. The results showed higher drilling times and temperatures in the group where piezosurgery was used. Primary stability showed no significant difference between the groups. It is concluded that implant primary stability was not influenced by the method used, but cavity preparation using piezosurgery required more time and generated more heat than the conventional method using rotatory instruments.