Abstract:Clinical toxicology encompasses the diagnosis, management, and prevention of poisonings caused by exposure to various toxic substances. Antidotes play a crucial role in the treatment of poisoning emergencies, as they counteract the effects of specific toxins and mitigate their harmful effects on the body. Understanding the mechanisms of action of commonly used antidotes is essential for healthcare providers to administer timely and effective treatment. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms of action of several widely utilized antidotes in clinical toxicology such as Naloxone, Atropine, N-acetylcysteine, flumazenil, calcium gluconate, and Digoxin immune FAB. This review highlights on how antidotes are targeting specific toxins or physiological pathways involved in poisoning. The use of antidotes must be guided by a thorough understanding of the toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of the ingested substance, as well as consideration of individual patient factors such as age, comorbidities, and concurrent medications.