This paper explores the practices of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) in Society 5.0 and critically analyses the opportunities and challenges organisations face in their endeavours to practice GHRM. The study exposes the influence of Society 5.0 on GHRM practices. We employed a critical literature review to explore GHRM prac-tices in Society 5.0. The paper reviewed 44 journal articles on GHRM practices and Society 5.0. Findings confirm that data, information and knowledge link GHRM prac-tices with society 5.0. Green human resource management (GHRM) practices are cen-tral to organisational competitiveness and sustainability. It integrates human resource management functions with environment management issues. However, Society 5.0 is a human-centric society that cartels environmental issues and social aspects to ensure a comfortable social life. It influences the nature and means of GHRM practices applied in organisations. Thus, GHRM practices in recruitment and selection, training and development, rewards management, performance management and employee rela-tions are connected directly with Society 5.0 through AI, IoT, BDA and DT. Our analy-sis shows that Opportunities for GHRM practices in Society 5.0 include integrating GHRM practices with the environment, facilitating human-centric solutions, developing strategic and sustainable development and keeping an organisational data-base. However, practices of GHRM in Society 5.0 are associated with several challeng-es, including cyber security issues, inadequate personnel and scarcity of re-sources. Society 5.0 distracts human resource management functions, which results in uncertain GHRM practices. The paper thus recommends precise and apt GHRM prac-tices which utilize available opportunities and minimize challenges in Society 5.0.