Figure 9. Map of the topography of our study area showing home ranges of five pairs of colour-banded Black-crowned Pittas Erythropitta ussheri observed in 2013. Coloured shapes represent the 95th percentile of a kernel density of sightings of each pair. Colours represent different pairs' territories. The location of a nest is marked by a yellow point. The map demonstrates the approximate number and size of Black-crowned Pitta home ranges, including apparent overlap between two pairs' home ranges. Kernel densities were calculated in R using the function kde2d with default bandwidth. We had only four sightings at one territory (maroon points near the upper left corner) and display points rather than kernel density. Grey lines represent trails, the brown line a pipeline, and the blue line the Tawau River. 3D map courtesy of JAXA (2015).

Published as part of Gulson-Castillo, Eric R., Pegan, Teresa M., Greig, Emma I., Hite, Justin M., Hruska, Jack P., Kapoor, Julian A., Orzechowski, Sophia C., Shipley, J. Ryan & Winkler, David W., 2019, Notes on nesting, territoriality and behaviour of broadbills (Eurylaimidae, Calyptomenidae) and pitas (Pitidae) in Tawau Hills Park, Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, pp. 8-27 in Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 139 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v139i1.2019.a1, http://zenodo.org/record/11637286