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ABSTRACT Background and Settings: Metastasis is a complex organic passage of cancer cells that detach from the primary tumor and spreads to the distant tissues and/or organs, by traversing through the lymphovascular channels; at all times remaining, viable. Metastatic tumors to the oro-facial regions are rare; but when present may mimic many of the commonly occurring inflammatory and neoplastic lesions arising primarily in the oral cavity; therefore, the need for their deliberation in the differential diagnosis of oral lesions. Aims and Objectives: The meta-analysis of the metastasis to the oral cavity is carried out to consolidate the data regarding the prevalent metastasis. Data Sources: Original articles for inclusion was earmarked through keyword searches in PubMed indexed, Google Scholar, Medline Search, DOAJ and other search engines. Study Eligibility Criteria: Case reports from all over the world that reported metastatic spread of cancer to the oral cavity. In total, 120 original case reports were included. Synthesis Methods: Analysis of mean impacts and meta-regressions to examine factors that influence outcomes. Results: Among the reported cases: breast cancer (23/120) showed maximum oral metastasis, followed by the lung (18/120). The least number of oral metastasis occurred in the case of neuroendocrine carcinoma (2/120) and the angiosarcoma of heart (1/120). All metastatic tumors presented as an asymptomatic swelling of the jaw, especially the mandible, arising within 2 months of diagnosis of the primary tumor. Many cases also reported the lip, chin numbness syndrome; a diagnostic sign for oral metastasis. Limitations: Incomplete history of the reported cases was a major drawback of this study. Conclusion: The meta-analysis provides robust evidence that would educate the dental physicians, with respect to the varied oral manifestations of the metastatic lesions to the oral cavity.
Metastasis, oral cancer, cancers of lung, breast, thyroid, liver, heart, lymph nodes
Metastasis, oral cancer, cancers of lung, breast, thyroid, liver, heart, lymph nodes
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