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Evaluation Of Ar-4Bl-Mast With Multiple Markers Interaction Technique For Augmented Reality Based Engineering Application

Authors: Maqableh, Waleed; Al-Hamad, Ahmad; Sidhu, Manjit;

Evaluation Of Ar-4Bl-Mast With Multiple Markers Interaction Technique For Augmented Reality Based Engineering Application

Abstract

{"references": ["A. W. Stedmont and R. J. Stone. \"Re-viewing reality: human factors of synthetic training environments\", International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 55(4): 675-698, 2001.", "M. S. Siduh and J. Bee, W. Maqableh. \"Evaluation of multiple functions interactive paper interface for AR based applications\", Proceedings of Seventeenth TheIIER International Conference, Hong Kong, 21st March 2015, ISBN: 978-93-82702-79-5.", "Waleed Maqableh. Augmented Reality Techniques for 3D Modelling and Simulating Mechanicak Engineeering Problem with Tangible User Interface. PhD Thesis, Multimedia Department, College of Information Technology, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, 2013.", "Luc\u00eda Vera, Jes\u00fasGimeno, Inmaculada Coma, and Marcos Fern\u00e1ndez. \"Augmented Mirror: Interactive Augmented Reality System Based on Kinect\", International Federation for Information Processing. Part IV, LNCS 6949, pp. 483\u2013486.", "Jang, S.H. & Hudson-Smith. \"Exploring Mobile Augmented Reality Navigation System for Pedestrians\", Proceedings of the GIS Research UK 20th Annual Conference GISRUK 2012. Lancaster, Lancaster University, UK.", "deLandgraaf, W. A. \"Interaction between users and Augmented Reality systems: Human-Computer Interaction of the future\". Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, (2003/2004).", "Piumsomboon, T., Clark, A. & Billinghurst, M. \"Physically-based Interaction for Tabletop Augmented Reality Using a Depth-sensing Camera for Environment Mapping. In Proc\", Image and Vision Computing New Zealand (IVCNZ-2011), pages 161-166. Auckland.", "H. Ishii, and B. Ullmer. \"Tangible bits: towards seamless interfaces between people, bits and atoms\", In CHI '97: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, New York, NY, USA. ACM Press, 234\u2013241. 1997.", "Selker, T. (2008). Touching the future. Communications of the ACM, 51(12):14\u201316. \n[10]\tScott Robert Klemmer. \"Tangible User Interface Input: Tools and Techniques\", International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 55(4): 675-698, 2004. \n[11]\tOleg Vinogradov. \"Fundamentals of Kinematics and Dynamics of Machines and Mechanisms\", CRC Press 2000, Print ISBN: 978-0-8493-0257-2, eBook ISBN: 978-1-4200-4233-7, DOI: 10.1201/9781420042337.ch1. \n[12]\tWaleed Maqableh, Manjit Sidhu. \"Interactive four bar linkages 3D-Simulation Using Augmented Reality\", The 6th International Conference on Information Technology, ICIT 2013. \n[13]\tMaqableh WF, Sidhu MS. \"Preliminary Evaluation of using Augmented Reality as a Dynamic Simulation Learning Tool for Linkage Mechanisms\". International Journal of Computer Applications. 2012; 58(4):19\u201323.\n[14]\tKinshuk, R. and Patel. \"Optimizing Domain Knowledge Representation with Multimedia Objects\", Learning and Teaching with Technology - Principles and practices (2003), London: ISBN 0-7494-3776-6.\n[15]\tManjit, S. Sidhu, Ramesh, S, Selvanathan. \"Multimedia dilemma: choosing the right tool for authoring and teaching engineering\", World Conference on Science and Technology Education (ICASE 2003), Penang, Malaysia.23.\n[16]\tWuensch, Karl L. \"What is a Likert Scale? and How Do You Pronounce 'Likert?\", East Carolina University. Retrieved April 30, 2009.\n[17]\tJ. P. Chin, V. A. Diehl, K. L. Norman. \"Development of an Instrument Measuring User Satisfaction of the Human-Computer Interface\", ACM CHI'88 Proceedings, 213-218. \u00a91988 ACM 1988."]}

Augmented reality (AR) technology has the capability to provide many benefits in the field of education as a modern technology which aided learning and improved the learning experience. This paper evaluates AR based application with multiple markers interaction technique (touch-to-print) which is designed for analyzing the kinematics of 4BL mechanism in mechanical engineering. The application is termed as AR-4BL-MAST and it allows the users to touch the symbols on a paper in natural way of interaction. The evaluation of this application was performed with mechanical engineering students and human–computer interaction (HCI) experts to test its effectiveness as a tangible user interface application where the statistical results show its ability as an interaction technique, and it gives the users more freedom in interaction with the virtual mechanical objects.

Keywords

user interface, Multimedia, engineering, Augmented reality, visualization., four-bar linkage

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