Streptozotocin is a glucosamine nitrosourea chemical with a glucose molecule and methyl group connected at one end. Its chemical name is 2-deoxy-2(methyl nitrosamine) carbonyl) amino)-D-glucose, and it was produced by the bacterial strain Streptomyces achromogenes in a fermentation broth (gram-positive bacterium). Typically, it is a poisonous glucose analogue that causes experimental diabetes.STZ is an ideal agent to induce experimental type 2 diabetes, it has more advantages than alloxan over sustained hyperglycemia and the development of well characterized diabetic complications with a low incidence of ketosis and mortality. Streptozotocin’s beta cell toxicity is mostly caused by the pancreas’s loss of NAD. Nicotinamide inhibits poly (ADP-ribose) synthetase activity and prevents NAD depletion in pancreatic beta-cells, which reduces the cytotoxicity caused by streptozotocin.

Streptozotocin is a glucosamine nitrosourea chemical with a glucose molecule and methyl group connected at one end. Its chemical name is 2-deoxy-2(methyl nitrosamine) carbonyl) amino)-D-glucose, and it was produced by the bacterial strain Streptomyces achromogenes in a fermentation broth (gram-positive bacterium). Typically, it is a poisonous glucose analogue that causes experimental diabetes.STZ is an ideal agent to induce experimental type 2 diabetes, it has more advantages than alloxan over sustained hyperglycemia and the development of well characterized diabetic complications with a low incidence of ketosis and mortality. Streptozotocin’s beta cell toxicity is mostly caused by the pancreas’s loss of NAD. Nicotinamide inhibits poly (ADP-ribose) synthetase activity and prevents NAD depletion in pancreatic beta-cells, which reduces the cytotoxicity caused by streptozotocin.