Background and Objectives: Hypomagnesemia can be a consequence of hyperglycemia (as seen in increased urinary magnesium excretion along with glycosuria) and a cause of insulin resistance. The association between diabetes mellitus and hypomagnesaemia is compelling for its wide-ranging impact on diabetic control, its macro and micro-vascular complications, and ultimately on the therapy. Objectives: To estimate prevalence of hypomagnesaemia in patients with type 2 DM and to correlate the serum magnesium concentrations with micro and macrovascular complications of diabetes – retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy and ischemic heart disease. Material and Method: An observational study carried out for one year in 100 participants diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in the age group of 30–80 years in medicine department, were included in the study. Serum Magnesium levels of all diabetic patients were investigated and compared with long term diabetes complications like diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. Serum Magnesium levels were also compared with comorbid conditions like hypertension, Lipid profile and HbA1C for poor glycaemic control. Statistical analysis were carried out for correlation and test of significance. Result: Among 100 participants, males were 47% and females were 53 % with mean age of 55.04 ± 11.2 years. The average duration of diabetes in study population was 5.5 years and most of the patients were received oral hypoglycemic drugs for their diabetes treatment. 29% of participants had hypomagnesemia (serum Mg≤ 1.7mEq/L). Among the patients having hypoglycemia, 23.3% of participants were having hypertension, 31% were having retinopathy, 37.9% were having nephropathy and 69% were having neuropathy. In our study, retinopathy and neuropathy were significantly correlated with hypoglycaemia (p value <0.05). Among lipid profile, Serum triglyceride and serum HDL cholesterol were significantly and inversely correlated with hypomagnesemia. Poor glycemic control in patients with hypomagnesemia were also established due to significant correlation between High HbA1C level and hypomagnesemia. Conclusion: Hypomagnesemia was significantly associated with diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy, poor glycemic control and lipid profile abnormalities. Benefits of Mg supplementation on metabolic profile in diabetic subjects have been found in most, but not all clinical studies, and larger prospective studies are needed to support the potential role of dietary Mg supplementation as a possible public health strategy in diabetes risk.

Background and Objectives: Hypomagnesemia can be a consequence of hyperglycemia (as seen in increased urinary magnesium excretion along with glycosuria) and a cause of insulin resistance. The association between diabetes mellitus and hypomagnesaemia is compelling for its wide-ranging impact on diabetic control, its macro and micro-vascular complications, and ultimately on the therapy. Objectives: To estimate prevalence of hypomagnesaemia in patients with type 2 DM and to correlate the serum magnesium concentrations with micro and macrovascular complications of diabetes – retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy and ischemic heart disease. Material and Method: An observational study carried out for one year in 100 participants diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in the age group of 30–80 years in medicine department, were included in the study. Serum Magnesium levels of all diabetic patients were investigated and compared with long term diabetes complications like diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. Serum Magnesium levels were also compared with comorbid conditions like hypertension, Lipid profile and HbA1C for poor glycaemic control. Statistical analysis were carried out for correlation and test of significance. Result: Among 100 participants, males were 47% and females were 53 % with mean age of 55.04 ± 11.2 years. The average duration of diabetes in study population was 5.5 years and most of the patients were received oral hypoglycemic drugs for their diabetes treatment. 29% of participants had hypomagnesemia (serum Mg≤ 1.7mEq/L). Among the patients having hypoglycemia, 23.3% of participants were having hypertension, 31% were having retinopathy, 37.9% were having nephropathy and 69% were having neuropathy. In our study, retinopathy and neuropathy were significantly correlated with hypoglycaemia (p value <0.05). Among lipid profile, Serum triglyceride and serum HDL cholesterol were significantly and inversely correlated with hypomagnesemia. Poor glycemic control in patients with hypomagnesemia were also established due to significant correlation between High HbA1C level and hypomagnesemia. Conclusion: Hypomagnesemia was significantly associated with diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy, poor glycemic control and lipid profile abnormalities. Benefits of Mg supplementation on metabolic profile in diabetic subjects have been found in most, but not all clinical studies, and larger prospective studies are needed to support the potential role of dietary Mg supplementation as a possible public health strategy in diabetes risk.