This study explores the complex dynamics of drug addiction in Sri Lanka, focusing on the spatial distribution of drug-related arrests and treatment admissions, as well as the underlying factors influencing individuals' propensity toward drug abuse. Utilizing data spanning from 2011 to 2020, including drug-related arrest statistics, rehabilitation treatment admissions, and primary survey data, the research employs descriptive statistical analysis, factor analysis, and principal component analysis to examine patterns and trends in drug use and identify key determinants of addiction. The findings reveal a concerning increase in drug abuse across various provinces and age groups, with cannabis and heroin emerging as the primary substances of abuse. Factors contributing to drug addiction are categorized into external, environmental, social, psychological, interpersonal, and familial influences. Notably, family dynamics, social pressures, and economic factors play significant roles in predisposing individuals to substance abuse. Based on the analysis, recommendations are proposed to address drug addiction comprehensively, including prevention initiatives targeting vulnerable populations, enhanced treatment and rehabilitation services, community engagement strategies, continued research and monitoring, and advocacy for policy reforms. By implementing these recommendations, Sri Lanka can mitigate the adverse effects of drug abuse and foster healthier communities. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of drug addiction in Sri Lanka and offers actionable recommendations for policymakers, healthcare professionals, and community stakeholders to combat this pressing societal challenge effectively.