FIG. 30. Thylacinus cynocephalus NMB c.2526 (Thylacinidae, Dasyuromorphia), adult specimen, endocast reconstruction showing osteological features associated with pericarotid venous network and related vasculature (data source, table 2; color key, fig. 4). Views: A, ventral; B, same, with transverse basisphenoid sinus superimposed; C, oblique right lateral; D, closeup of mesocranial vascular features; E, ventrolateral surface, intact caudal cranium; F, as in D, but with shape of hypophyseal fossa (yellow) separately depicted and resected to show position of endocarotid foramina. In A and B, carotid and transverse canals form complicated multiple union; see text and also figures 29 and 31. In C, no sulcus is in evidence to connect jugular foramen with sigmoid sinus trackway (which instead exclusively joins sulcus for vertebral vein), consistent with internal jugular vein reduced or absent. In D, single asterisks indicate small openings in transverse canals and other features, mostly representing connection points (interstitial canaliculi) with transverse basisphenoid sinus. In F, communication between caudal branch veins, cavernous sinus, and internal carotid vein is suggested but its actual soft-tissue form cannot be reconstructed. Because both CRVs originate from CS/ICV they are not considered to form a confluence like that of RBVs. Internal carotid artery would have passed rostrally out of endocranial carotid foramen as ophthalmic artery. Other features in D: a, large connector joining transverse canal to accessory ventral petrosal sinus; b, intercanal branch, significance unknown; c, notochord (or transclival canal); d, reduced left accessory ventral petrosal sinus, partly hidden by carotid canal (compare right side); e, canaliculus linking c and d. Key: avpsc, canal for right accessory ventral petrosal sinus; cbtc, caudal branch of transverse canal (pathway); cc, carotid canal; cchc, caudal condylohypoglossal

Published as part of MacPhee, Ross D.E., Gaillard, Charlène, Forasiepi, Analía M. & Sulser, R. Benjamin, 2023, Transverse Canal Foramen And Pericarotid Venous Network In Metatheria And Other Mammals, pp. 1-125 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2023 (462) on page 82, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090.462.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10831913