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Article . 2024
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2024
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Évolution des paradigmes de la gestion publique : De l'administration traditionnelle à la gouvernance

Authors: DERBAL, Sara; TAHROUCH, Mohamed;

Évolution des paradigmes de la gestion publique : De l'administration traditionnelle à la gouvernance

Abstract

Résumé : Cet article explore les paradigmes majeurs dans l’évolution de la gestion publique, y compris la gestion administrative traditionnelle, la nouvelle gestion publique (NPM) et le paradigme post-NPM. Au début du 20e siècle, l’administration publique s’est distinguée en tant que discipline autonome pour la première fois, et fut marquée par les idées des théories classiques des organisations. Puis ce paradigme s’est imprégné totalement dans la bureaucratie wébérienne, et son mode vertico-hiérarchique. Cependant, depuis les années 1960, les limites de ce modèle ont émergé alors que les États faisaient face à des défis croissants et à des attentes accrues du public. En réponse à ces défis, on a introduit durant les années 1980 le NPM qui prônait l’utilisation des méthodes de gestion privée dans le secteur public, mettant ainsi l’accent sur l’efficacité, la réduction des coûts et la décentralisation. Cependant, ce paradigme a été critiqué pour sa fragmentation du secteur public, son manque d’attentions aux attributs spéciaux des organisations publiques et ses résultats mitigés en matière de performance. Ces critiques ont donné lieu à des mouvements post-NPM, cherchant à intégrer les meilleures pratiques de la gestion et du « management » tout en tenant compte des spécificités du secteur public. Parmi ces mouvements les plus cités, on met l’accent sur le « paradigme » de la gouvernance. La gouvernance dans ce sens met en avant la collaboration, la transparence et la participation citoyenne visant ainsi à créer un équilibre entre l’efficacité et la responsabilité. Mots clés : Gestion publique, Administration publique, Nouvelle Gestion Publique (NPM), Gouvernance, paradigme post-NPM. Classification JEL: H83 Type de l’article : article théorique Abstract: This article explores major paradigms in the evolution of public management, including traditional administrative management, New Public Management (NPM), and the post-NPM paradigm. At the beginning of the 20th century, public administration emerged as a distinct discipline for the first time, influenced by the ideas of classical organizational theories. This paradigm became fully ingrained in Weberian bureaucracy and its vertical-hierarchical mode. However, since the 1960s, the limitations of this model have emerged as states faced increasing challenges and heightened public expectations. In response to these challenges, the NPM was introduced in the 1980s, advocating for the use of private management methods in the public sector, emphasizing efficiency, cost reduction, and decentralization. However, this paradigm was criticized for fragmenting the public sector, neglecting the specific attributes of public organizations, and yielding mixed performance results. These criticisms led to post-NPM movements, seeking to integrate best management practices while considering the specificities of the public sector. Among these, the governance paradigm is highlighted. Governance, in this sense, emphasizes collaboration, transparency, and citizen participation, aiming to strike a balance between efficiency and accountability. Keywords: Public Management, Public Administration, New Public Management (NPM), Governance, post-NPM paradigm. JEL Classification: H83 Paper type: Theoretical Research

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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