The presented work highlights issues of medical ethics and deontology in surgical practice. Currently, in the process of integration and differentiation of medicine, the profiling of individual surgical areas, the formation of new areas, specialties, and the transformation of the structure of surgical diseases, new, sometimes complex deontological problems arise. Particularly difficult in legal and deontological terms are issues related to modern innovative methods of diagnosis and treatment, which are being intensively introduced into widespread surgical practice. Specialization and integration of medical care, equipping large complexes with modern technology, highly qualified and trained medical personnel ensure greater efficiency in patient treatment outcomes.