Abstract: The historical forms of the organization of science are the object of research insociology. Sociological research examines the development and changes in the organization ofscientific work. One of the first forms of science organization was a guild organization in whichscientists collaborated and shared knowledge within specialized groups. With the development ofcapitalism in Europe, a scientific academy emerged, which became the center of scientific activityand attracted scientists from all over the world. One of the distinguishing features of the historicalforms of scientific organization was the unequal distribution of resources and opportunities forresearch.With the advent of the industrial Revolution and the development of science, the state beganto play the first role in organizing scientific work.In the Soviet Union, the organization of science was based on the principles of centralizationand state control. With the spread of the Internet and information technology, new forms of scienceorganization have emerged, such as international scientific networks and open access to scientificpublications. Modern forms of science organization include institutions that finance research andcoordinate the activities of scientists.The study of the sociology of historical forms of the organization of science allows us tounderstand how the principles and goals of scientific work have changed and what factors influencedits development.