This article focuses on two main areas of study: renaissance music education in a Castilian institution and the music of the maestro Bartolomé de Escobedo as an example of the didactic material used. In the background is the question of how Tomas Luis de Victoria was educated in Spain (ca. 1557-1564) and how this may have shaped his distinctive style. The starting point is a significant and early document dated 1465 from the Cathedral of Ávila, which refers to the teaching and learning of counterpoint and "canto de órgano". It also identifies the teachers in charge of this didactic activity and, thanks to the lists of inventories and acquisitions of the Chapter, it reviews the "pedagogical materials" that existed to carry out the training of the future composer. Finally, it analyses Escobedo's creations and examine the confusion between them and those of Cristóbal de Morales, both examples for the young Victoria.