In this article I aim to deepen Diderot’s thought on the strictly philosophical level, referring Diderot’s philosophy with that of Nietzsche. In particular, after reconstructing the reading and reception of Diderot in Nietzsche’s philosophical work, I will examine the philosophical problems of actor’s performance, the becoming of reality and subjectivity in the thought of both authors, comparing them. In doing so, surprising affinities will emerge between Diderot and Nietzsche, whose analysis makes it possible to clarify the peculiar instances of their respective philosophies.